Surgery: light – thermal – and electrical application – Light – thermal – and electrical application – Electrical therapeutic systems
Patent
1994-04-20
1996-09-17
Kamm, William E.
Surgery: light, thermal, and electrical application
Light, thermal, and electrical application
Electrical therapeutic systems
623 4, 623 24, 128898, 607116, A61N 105
Patent
active
055564232
ABSTRACT:
Microscopic photodiode devices with semi-transparent surface electrodes are combined with a liquid or other suitable vehicle. Together they are injected into the subretinal space of the eye. The purpose of these microphotodiode photovoltaic devices is to transduce incident light into electric current which stimulate the overlying cellular layers of the retina. In persons suffering from visual dysfunction due to outer retinal layer damage, such devices may allow useful formed artificial vision. These independent surface electrode microphotodiodes (ISEMCPs) may be in the shape of micro-spheres, micro-cylinders or other micro-shapes. An off-center embedded ferromagnetic layer will confer magnetic susceptibility to the ISEMCPs. A magnetic field applied in the vicinity of the eye will align the ISEMCPs within the subretinal space directing their photoactive surface toward incident light. Alternatively ISEMCPs may be embedded, prealigned, in a transparent flexible sheet permeable to nutrients and oxygen before implantation into the subretinal space. Such a sheet will allow passage of biological nutrients and oxygen around the ISEMCPs. This sheet may also dissolve leaving behind ISEMCP units lying separately, or in an arranged pattern produced by a surrounding mesh. ISEMCPs may be of the PiN or NiP type or a combination of both in a single unit. An electric capacitor layer may also be incorporated into the ISEMCP device (ISEMCP-C) to allow charge storage during exposure to light and charge release in darkness producing an opposite polarity current. This last modification will allow the generation of hyperpolarizing currents in light and depolarizing currents in darkness which is necessary to produce formed vision of light and dark images.
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Chow Alan Y.
Chow Vincent
Chow Alan Y.
Jastrzab Jeffrey R.
Kamm William E.
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