Increasing nucleation activity with lichens and fungi

Details Increasing nucleation activity with lichens and fungi Increasing nucleation activity with lichens and fungi

1988-10-20

1992-12-08

Schwartz, Richard A.

Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology

Miscellaneous

239 22, 435254, 435257, C12N 100, C12N 112, C12N 114, F25C 102

Patent

active

051697831

ABSTRACT:
The disclosure is directed to increasing ice nucleation activity of liquids and gases by using lichens, fungi, and ice nuclei derived from lichen fungi. The invention is particularly useful for snowmaking, cloud seeding, and other industrial freezing and cooling processes.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4784943 (1988-11-01), Warren et al.
Abstract entitled "Determinants of Environmental Stree Tolerance of Pseudomonas Syringae on Leaves" by S. E. Lindow, et al. from handouts of seminar entitled Ice Nucleation Conference, Jun. 18-21, 1989, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada.
Abstract entitled "Preliminary Experimental Evaluation of SNOMAX Snow Inducer Pseudomonas Syringae as an Artificial Ice Nucleus for Westher Modification" from handouts of seminar entitled Ice Nucleation Conference, Jun. 18-21, 1989, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada.
Abstract of paper written by D. A. Baertlein, et al., from handouts of seminar entitled "Ice Nucleation Conference", Jun. 18-21, 1989, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada.
Chapter 18 Lichens, from "Experimental Microbial Ecology" by R. Burns, et al. (eds.) (1982) Blackwell, Oxford text, pp. 291-319; (particularly p. 307).
Chapter 2 Isolation and Nature of Lichen Symbionts, from "The Lichen Symbiosis", by V. Ahmadjian, (1967), Blaisdell Publishing Company, text, pp. 7-35 and pp. 119-121; (particularly p. 27).
Chapter X Lichens, from "Methods in Microbiology", vol. 4 by Norris et al. (1971), Academic Press, New York, Text, pp. 267-293; (particularly p. 269).
"Characterization of Biological Ice Nuclei from a Lichen", by T. L. Kieft, et al. Journal of Bacteriology, pp. 3519-3523, Jun. 1990.
"Ice Nucleation Activity in Lichens" by T. L. Kieft Applied Environmental Microbiology, pp. 1678-1581 Jul. 1988.
"Molecular Sizes of Lichen Ice Nucleation Sites Determined by Gamma Radiation Inactivation Analysis" by T. L. Kieft et al, submitted to Cryobiology, Jun. 26, 1991.

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