In-cylinder injection internal combustion engine

Details In-cylinder injection internal combustion engine In-cylinder injection internal combustion engine

1997-05-08

1998-04-21

Nelli, Raymond A.

Internal-combustion engines

Combustion chamber means having fuel injection only

Having a particular relationship between injection and...

F02B 500

Patent

active

057407770

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION

1. Technical Field
This invention relates to an in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine in which fuel is injected directly into a combustion chamber, and specifically to a 4-cycle in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine suited for use as an internal combustion engine which performs premixed combustion at the time of a high power output but stratified combustion at the time of a low power output and switches the state of each of the combustions depending on an operation state of the engine.
2. Background Art
Internal combustion engines such as gasoline engines conventionally included those making use, as a fuel injection system, of such an intake-port fuel injection system that fuel is injected into an intake port by a fuel injection valve arranged in the intake port.
According to this intake-port fuel injection system, inducted air and fuel are mixed in an intake port, and the resulting air-fuel mixture is guided into a combustion chamber so that the air-fuel mixture can be ignited to burn in the combustion chamber.
Also included are those making use of a direct injection system that a fuel injection valve is arranged to inject fuel directly into a combustion chamber and fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber to make it possible to improve the responsibility of an engine.
In the field of developments of internal combustion engines in recent years, research and development activities have been pursued toward stratified-combustion internal combustion engines of such a type that the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber can be efficiently performed by forming a vertical flow of inducted air within the combustion chamber, that is, a so-called tumble flow.
As such a stratified-combustion internal combustion engine, an in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine in which fuel is injected directly into a combustion chamber is advantageous. Namely, realization of the above-mentioned stratified-combustion internal combustion engine as an in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine makes it possible to efficiently conduct the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber while making an improvement in the responsibility of the engine. Therefore a great deal of active research is also under way concerning the in-cylinder injection of fuel.
In the meantime, concerning the above-mentioned stratified-combustion internal combustion engines, there has been developed a technology that performs an operation at an air/fuel ratio leaner than a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio (a lean burn operation) when the engine is required to produce a small power output but that performs an operation at a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio (stoichiometric burn operation) when the engine is required to produce a large power output.
When an engine is required to produce a large power output, for example, as in the case of an operation of the engine under a high load, it is desired to inject fuel in an intake stroke by a fuel injection valve so that uniform mixing throughout the internal space of the combustion chamber can be promoted without interference with the combustion chamber owing to a disturbance subsequent to a collapse of a tumble flow.
When the engine is required to produce a small power output as in the case of an operation of the engine under a low load, on the other hand, it is necessary to achieve an improvement in gas mileage at a relatively small injection rate of fuel while assuring sufficient ignitability and stable combustibility by injecting fuel in a compression stroke and then to locally form a relatively rich, combustible air/fuel mixture in a vicinity of a spark plug in a top part of the combustion chamber while making use of a tumble flow.
Incidentally, the shape of a spray of fuel by an fuel injection valve strongly affects not only an attempt to permit uniform spreading of combustion throughout the internal space of a combustion chamber but also an attempt to centralize fuel, for example, in a vicinity of a spark plug.
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Ko

REFERENCES:
patent: 5170759 (1992-12-01), Ito
patent: 5205254 (1993-04-01), Ito et al.
patent: 5628290 (1997-05-01), Iida et al.
patent: 5642706 (1997-07-01), Wirth et al.

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