In-cylinder injection internal combustion engine

Details In-cylinder injection internal combustion engine In-cylinder injection internal combustion engine

1996-11-27

1998-01-27

Nelli, Raymond A.

Internal-combustion engines

Precombustion and main combustion chambers in series

Having fluid whirling means

F02B 1908

Patent

active

057112690

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to an in-cylinder injection internal combustion engine in which fuel is injected directly into a combustion chamber, and especially to a combustion chamber construction of an internal combustion engine, the construction being designed to burn an air-fuel mixture, which is lean as a whole, in a stable state and also to improve a power output when an air-fuel mixture richer than the lean air-fuel mixture (for example, equivalent to a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio) is burnt.


BACKGROUND ART

As is known well, among internal combustion engines, a gasoline engine supplies from an injector into an intake port fuel in a quantity corresponding to a quantity of inducted air flowed into a cylinder during an intake stroke, whereby an air-fuel mixture is formed in a combustion chamber.
The air-fuel mixture so supplied to the combustion chamber is ignited by a spark plug in a latter stage of a compression stroke and is hence caused to burn so that combustion energy is produced. By way of a piston, a connecting rod and a crankshaft, this energy is converted into rotational energy to obtain a power output.
Among the internal combustion engines, a diesel engine which primarily uses kerosine or the like as fuel directly injects fuel in a quantity corresponding to a stroke of an accelerator pedal into highly-compressed air in a combustion engine through an injection valve arranged facing the combustion chamber so that the resulting atomized fuel is caused to burn by autoignition in the combustion chamber to produce combustion energy. Like the gasoline engine, this combustion energy is converted into rotational energy to obtain a power output.
In such gasoline engines as described above, there have been proposed gasoline engines of the type that a flow of inducted air, which has flowed into the combustion chamber, is formed into a stratified vertical swirl of fuel and air and lean burning is performed with an air-fuel mixture, which is leaner as a whole than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, so that the gas mileage of the engine is improved and the occurrence of exhaust gases such as NOx, HC and CO can be reduced.
To form a tumble flow as one of such vertical swirls, reference may be had, for example, to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) No. HEI 5-240045.
According to the technique disclosed in the above publication, a construction is proposed to develop a flow of inducted air in such a way that a flow of inducted air is introduced through an intake port of a cylinder head of an engine in a direction as parallel as possible with a lower wall of the cylinder head, is downwardly introduced along an inner wall portion of a cylinder of a combustion chamber on a side of an exhaust valve, is reversed in direction by a recessed portion formed in a top wall of a piston sliding in the cylinder, and is then allowed to flow upwardly from the top wall of the piston along the inner wall of the cylinder on the side of an intake valve (this flow will hereinafter be called a "normal tumble flow").
Incidentally, as opposed to the normal tumble flow, there is a flow called a "reversed tumble flow". Namely, a flow of inducted air from the intake port is downwardly introduced along the inner wall of the cylinder on the side of the intake valve, is reversed in direction by the recessed portion formed in the top wall of the piston, and is then allowed to upwardly flow from the top wall of the piston along the inner wall of the cylinder on the side of the exhaust valve.
In such gasoline engines as described above, there have also been proposed in-cylinder injection internal combustion engines of the type that fuel is directly inducted into a combustion chamber to improve the gas mileage by lean burning.
However, to produce the normal tumble flow by using such a construction as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (Kokai) No. HEI 5-240045, it is necessary to arrange the intake port in a direction as parallel as possible with the lower wall of the cylinder head. In an in-cylinder inje

REFERENCES:
patent: 4526143 (1985-07-01), Oshima et al.
patent: 4693218 (1987-09-01), Nagakura
patent: 5115774 (1992-05-01), Nomura et al.
patent: 5305720 (1994-04-01), Ando et al.

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