Material or article handling – Self-loading or unloading vehicles – Conveyor
Patent
1988-10-12
1990-08-21
Werner, Frank E.
Material or article handling
Self-loading or unloading vehicles
Conveyor
138150, 138154, 138144, 414513, 414511, 414517, 4145256, 4145253, 296101, 100218, 52245, B60P 100
Patent
active
049501224
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to monococque container construction and to the use thereof in waste compactors, and especially to waste compactors which are mountable upon a truck chassis and which are of low tare weight, low cost, and which have a high payload whilst only emmitting noise at an acceptably low level.
The invention also has application to the collection of fluid waste and sludge in mobile tank-equipped rail or road vehicles and to the storage and transport of liquids and powdery or particulate bulk materials in tanks of monococque construction. BACKGROUND ART
First trends to compact waste during transport appeared in 1880, when compaction was applied in horse driven waste carts.
The first known truck-mounted waste collector transporter appeared in Germany in 1912 and in the U.S.A. in 1922.
By the early 1930's there appeared in Sweden and Germany the first compacting waste trucks, using the principle of a packing screw.
In 1938 the first plate type compactor appeared in Sweden (Trelleborg).
In the early 1950's there was in France the S.C. paddle type packer (C.I.T.A.).
However, all compactors packing into a conical section proved to be unsuccessful and the plate packers took over the markets in Europe, the U.S.A., and the rest of the world.
By the late 1950's to early 1960's, the Swiss development of carriage plate/swing plate packers, with a collection body built on frames in a square section, became trendsetting for the mobile compactors of today.
The leading European mobile compactors, e.g. Ochsner, Haller, Norba, Faun, and the American Heil, Dempster, Peabody, etc all follow this principle
The waste contractors asked for more economical compactors, which in Europe resulted in a trend for low wear, longer lifetime, and thus heavier machines, while in the U.S.A. the trend was for larger units, cheaper components, and a restricted economical lifespan of five years.
Both the low-wear, high-quality, costly European compactors and the large-volume, short-lifespan U.S. compactors became uneconomical in many countries when scaled down in size, or illegal when used in their original dimensions; this situation is because of lower legally permitted axle loadings in such countries.
Most waste collection devices presently in use are of box-like construction having a rectangular cross-section. A single-layer plate element is fitted inside a framework of channel-sectioned vertical and longitudinal members to provide a body interior having smooth-surfaced floor, sidewalls, and roof so enabling the inside travel of an ejection panel.
Some known waste compactors, and waste and fluid collection bodies are built with circular-, or part-circular-, cross-sections reinforced by exterior annular frame elements, but their interiors are still of a smooth, single-layer skin construction so as to permit a discoid ejection blade or panel to travel inside the "tube".
Furthermore, most waste compactors are rear loading and use a compacting unit which is rigidly mounted on a hinged tailgate and which may consist of a guided carriage plate moved substantially vertically by an hydraulic system. A swing plate is fitted to the bottom end of this carriage plate, sweeping the waste from the underlying hopper, then stopping at an angle normal to the carriage plate and travelling up with it so as to compress the waste upwardly and slightly forwardly, and into the body interior.
This conventional kind of compactor has the disadvantage of being heavy and, if as is usual, tilted 45.degree. forward, gives an unacceptable long rear overhang together with a high rear axle loading.
Both of the abovementioned types of collection bodies have a drawback in the homogeneous metal skin fabrication which is conducive to considerable environmental noise pollution as pottery, bottles, boxes, and the like crack, break or burst inside the waste collection body.
As regards to complexity and weight problems of conventional compacting units, a construction has been proposed which has a strong blade oscillating through 180.degree. and pushin
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patent: 3664072 (1972-05-01), Lieckfeld
patent: 4010864 (1977-03-01), Pimshtein et al.
patent: 4013181 (1977-03-01), Johnson
patent: 4509447 (1985-04-01), Smith, Sr.
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