Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Fluid treatment – Special forms and forming
Patent
1992-12-09
1996-04-23
Stinson, Frankie L.
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Fluid treatment
Special forms and forming
68250R, 8156, D06B 508
Patent
active
055091610
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a procedure for continuously impregnating a fibrous sheet, such as a woven cloth, a knit, or a non-woven, said sheet consisting of natural, synthetic or artificial fibers, whether in pure form or in mixtures, linked or not, using an aqueous liquid in particular of the kind containing a processing agent, latex, finishing agent, dye, etc.; and in particular the object of the invention is the impregnation of an unbleached cotton sheet for the purpose of treatment, for instance boiling-out and/or bleaching.
The chemical treatment of unbleached-cotton fibers begins with boiling-out, which consists, following opening and mechanical cleaning, in removing the fatty and waxy sheath cladding said fibers in order to make them hydrophilic. Following rinsing and squeezing, the chemical treatment as a rule will be terminated by bleaching. Until recently, cotton was treated in lots and in a discontinuous manner, but presently it is desired to carry out all operations continuously, that is, forming a continuous sheet and moving the cotton on a belt through a sequence of stations wherein this cotton is consecutively subjected to all the stages of its treatment.
One of the difficulties incurred with this kind of procedure concerns impregnating the sheet with the various liquors. The quality of impregnation determines the quality of the finished product.
In the first place, a given quantity of a boilingout agent, soda for instance, must be incorporated into the sheet and then is made to react by being heated in the vaporizer. In order that boiling-out be at maximum efficiency, the sheet preferably shall be impregnated homogeneously with a controlled amount of liquor. This determines the time of reaction, the effectiveness and the final properties. Moreover, in order that the totality of fibers composing the sheet be treated uniformly, the impregnation itself must be homogeneous. Lastly, the means used to apply the liquid should perturb as little as possible the arrangement of the fibers so that, at the end of treatment, a product is obtained which, where called for, may be used as such without having to rework the sheet.
Applicant's known means preclude achieving the above objects.
Illustratively, the treatment liquid may be atomized onto the moving sheet by means of batteries of fluid jets. However, short of a high jet pressure that thereby modifies the sheet's structure, such a solution does not allow satisfactory wetting of the sheet when the fibers are not hydrophilic. This is the case for unbleached cotton because then the liquid penetrates only with difficulty and does not pass through the cotton. Also, uniform atomization along the entire width of the sheet is difficult to achieve, and this atomization may be ampler where the jets overlap or, on the contrary, may be sparser in the gaps between the jet impacts. To palliate those drawbacks, the number of batteries must be increased, and the apparatus accordingly becomes more complex.
Another known method consists in impregnating the sheet in a tub containing the impregnating liquor, in making sure that the fibers are wetted, and lastly in eliminating the excess liquid by moving the sheet through a mangle. This technique ensures satisfactory impregnation. However, when the textile lacks cohesion, it is likely to be warped by the mechanical action exerted on the fibers, irregularities will be produced, and air occlusions, which in the end preclude use of the product as such.
The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by using an impregnation procedure for a textile sheet by means of an aqueous liquid, in particular of that type which contains a processing agent, said procedure being characterized in that
the sheet is deposited on an endless, liquid-permeable support belt,
said liquid is gravity-poured on the sheet in the form of a fluid curtain or lamina transverse to the sheet's direction of advance,
by means of a suction slit underneath the cloth, a partial vacuum, i.e., a pressure drop, sufficient to make at least part of the liquid
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Dumas Didier
Neveu Jean-Louis
Kaysersberg
Stinson Frankie L.
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