Surgery – Truss – Pad
Patent
1988-07-08
1991-05-07
Jaworski, Francis
Surgery
Truss
Pad
128903, 128419PG, A61N 100
Patent
active
050128060
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to artificial cardiac stimulation and more precisely to implantations for cardiac stimulation equipped with a radio-frequency receiver suitable to receive stimulating signals, alternative to those from the pacemaker, transmitted by a radio-frequency transmitter external to the patient, if necessary.
Usually, in these implantations, the electrode connecting the pacemaker to the heart is unipolar and a radio-frequency receiver is inserted thereon having a plate on the outside of its casing that is in contact with the patient's tissues.
The pacemaker too has a plate in contact with the patient's tissue and in case of stimulation both from the implanted pacemaker and alternatively from the external transmitter, one of the polarities of the stimulating signals (normally the negative) is transmitted through the electrode while the other polarity (the positive) is closed from the heart onto the contact plates through the tissue of the patient.
This present arrangement has some drawbacks both as regards the pacemaker operation and implant structure, particularly the radio-frequency receiver structure.
The drawback in the operation of the present stimulation implants is the high density of the current transmitted through the patient tissue that may induce undesirable muscular contractions in the patient's thorax.
The structural drawback is the size of the contact plate of the radio-frequency receiver that cannot be reduced beyond a certain point, therefore limiting the miniaturization of the receiving coil.
Accordingly is an object of the invention to provide an improved stimulating implantation of the type in question wherein the afore mentioned drawbacks are overcome by making use of a continuous bipolar electrode whereon a radio-frequency receiver is clamped deprived of the contact plate usually equipping the radio receivers now in use.
This continuous bipolar electrode connects the permanently implanted pacemaker to the patient's heart.
Nevertheless, the electrode of the invention can be utilized also in the case where the implanted pacemaker has the contact plate and such a plate can be utilized by connecting the pacemaker and the radio-frequency receiver by an unipolar length of electrode, provided that the plate-less receiver is still connected to the heart by a length of bipolar electrode.
The invention is described in details with reference to the attached schematic drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 schematically shows a cardiac stimulation implantation of the type presently in use;
FIG. 2 is a similar view of the implantation according to the invention where use is made of a radio-frequency receiver and pacemaker deprived of the external contact plate; and
FIG. 3 is a similar view of a second embodiment of the invention, wherein only the radio-frequency receiver is deprived of the contact plate while such a plate equips the pacemaker, and the electrode length comprised between the pacemaker and radioreceiver is accordingly unipolar.
As known, cardiac stimulation implantations equipped with a receiving device for alternative stimulation to that of the implanted pacemaker, have presently a large diffusion.
These implantations allow a cardiac stimulation alternative to that provided by the implanted pacemaker, by utilizing an external pacemaker and transmitter capable of transmitting stimulation signals on a precise radio-frequency whereon also the receiver is tuned. The receiver is clamped on the continuous electrode that connects the pacemaker to the heart and has a plate for the electric contact with the patient's tissue.
The stimulating signals picked up by the radio-frequency receiver are sent to the heart through the electrode, the positive polarity being closed through the patient's tissue onto the radio-frequency receiver contact plate.
Normally in this type of implantation the pacemaker too has a plate in contact with the patient's tissue and during normal operation the negative polarity of stimulating signals is sent by the pacemaker to the heart through the unique conductor of the u
REFERENCES:
patent: 3977411 (1976-08-01), Hughes, Jr. et al.
patent: 4402322 (1983-09-01), Duggan
patent: 4424812 (1984-01-01), Lesnick
patent: 4590944 (1986-05-01), Mann et al.
Jaworski Francis
Manuel George
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