Surgery – Diagnostic testing – Measuring fluid pressure in body
Patent
1998-12-07
2000-07-04
Hindenburg, Max
Surgery
Diagnostic testing
Measuring fluid pressure in body
600486, A61B 500
Patent
active
06083174&
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is the national phase under 35 U.S.C. .sctn.371 of prior PCT International Application No. PCT/DE98/00406 which has an International filing date of Feb. 12, 1998 which designated the United States of America, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention pertains to an implantable measuring unit for the intracorporal measurement of patient data, particularly of brain (cranial) pressure, for mobile application in everyday conditions, and is an addition to registration DE 196 38 813.9 entitled "Intracorporal Implantable Measuring System".
2. Description of the Relevent Art
In medical applications, measurement probes are introduced into the body, e.g. the head (intracranial), with the aid of a catheter and routed to areas where bio-signals are to be measured. For measurements in the skull, the probes must have a very small diameter--which is why microsensors are preferred--which then are mounted in and bonded with a carrier sleeve.
For example, for the diagnosis of hydrocephalus symptoms, the brain (cranial) pressure is measured intracranially in the hospital's intensive care unit with a probe. Afterwards the probe is pulled out and destroyed, or sterilized in the case of multiple-use probes, and reused on the next patient.
When hydrocephalus, for example, has been diagnosed, a so-called shunt system is routed through, which guides cranial fluid into the abdominal cavity when the cranial pressure rises above an established value in order to avoid excessive pressure in the brain.
Cranial pressure can be measured both in an epidural and a subdural manner. Epidural means that the cranial pressure between the dura mater of the brain and the top of the skull is indirectly determined by the pressure exercised onto the dura mater of the brain by the cranial fluid.
This measurement location provides the advantages that the dura mater of the brain is not penetrated, and therefore an infection of the dura mater is prevented; that the procedure is considerably easier; that no brain tissue is damaged during the measuring process; and that the sensor can remain in its measurement location for an extended period of time.
Subdural measurement means that the sensor is slid under the dura mater of the brain, which must be penetrated for this procedure. Furthermore, the pressure in the brain tissue (parenchyma) can now be measured as well, and often the brain tissue is penetrated in order to enable measurements in the ventricle (intraventricular).
There are various known intracranial measurement systems. For example, Braun Melsungen AG offers an epidural measurement system by the name of"Epidyn". Here a micro pressure sensor is fastened in a metal housing. The sensor is connected with the cords of a cable through which electric signals can be sent to an extracorporal evaluation unit.
Another epidural system is available from Spiegelberg, where a balloon catheter is slid under the top of the skull. Depending on the cranial pressure which the dura mater of the brain transfers to the balloon, the pressure is routed to the outside via a line and can be measured there extracorporally.
Camino offers an intraventricular cranial pressure measuring system with a beam waveguide where pressure measurements can be conducted according to the reflection measurement procedure via a silicone oxide level which changes its position, and therefore its reflection coefficient, depending on the pressure. The reflecting portion is put into a ratio to the light percentage that is sent; this provides information about the intraventricular pressure. The system offers the advantage during a TUV (German Department of Transportation) approval that no electric streams or tensions occur intracorporally.
In addition, single-use intraventricular and parenchymal "low-cost" cranial pressure sensors are available. Since the spring of 1995, Codman (Johnson & Johnson) has been offering a brain pressure sensor with piezo-resistive technology which is adjuste
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Beck Christian
Brehmeier-Flick Bernd
Eckert Guido
Hindenburg Max
Sican GmbH
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