Hypothermic storage technology for biological material

Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Animal cell – per se ; composition thereof; process of... – Method of storing cells in a viable state

Reissue Patent

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

C435S004000, C435S029000, C426S393000, C426S524000, C426S665000

Reissue Patent

active

RE037892

ABSTRACT:

This invention relates to methods of preservation of biological material for extended periods. Additionally, the invention relates to methods of determining the optimum temperature at which to store biological materials for extended periods.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known in the art that biological material can be stored at reduced temperatures to decrease the rate of deterioration of the biological material. The low temperature inhibits the activity of degradation enzymes in the biological material as well as inhibiting the growth of microorganisms which degrade the material. Currently available technologies can be divided into two categories. The first category includes storage of the material in an unfrozen state. Customarily, the biological material is stored at temperatures between 0° C. and 10° C. The second category of storage includes storage of the biological material in a frozen state. Customarily, the material is stored at a temperature of −15° C. or less.
The existing technologies suffer from serious defects. Storage of biological material at temperatures between 0° C. and 10° C. extends the usable lifetime of the material. However, the extension is of a limited duration. Generally, biological material begins to undergo a noticeable amount of deterioration in one or two days and becomes completely unusable after two or more days. This places major constraints on the availability of fresh materials such as foodstuffs and other biological materials. The materials must be produced close enough to the location at which they will be sold so that an adequate usable life time remains after shipping.
Freezing of material overcomes some of the difficulties inherent in shipping fresh materials. Once frozen, the material may be stored for protracted periods and shipped over long distances. In the process of freezing, the formation of ice crystals within the material results in damage to the material, which reduces the quality of the material. The reduction in the quality of material stored in the frozen state results in a reduction in the value of the material relative to the fresh, unfrozen state.
Thus, there is a need in the art to provide a method for the extended storage of biological material with no loss of the usability or quality of the material. Such a method would find broad applicability, for example, in the handling of foodstuffs, cut flowers, cells, tissues, gametes, organs, and whole organisms. The present invention will be useful in the handling of all types of foodstuffs. The present invention is particularly useful for the storage of fresh produce, such as carrots, mushrooms, apples, onions, kiwis, citrus fruits, broccoli, tomatoes, and garlic. The present invention is equally useful for the storage of fresh caught seafood, such as shrimp, scallops, tuna, salmon, lobster, crab, oysters, and other fresh caught fish. The present invention is also useful for the storage of meat, such as chicken, beef, pork, lamb, and other types of meat. The invention is particularly suited for prepared cuts of meat, such as steaks, chicken breasts, hamburger, and fish fillets. The invention may also be used to store whole carcasses for shipping.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
One object of the invention is to provide a methodology for determining the optimum bio-storage temperature of biological materials. This method includes the step of determining the melting point depression of the material to be stored.
An object of the invention is to provide a method of storage of biological materials comprising the steps of determining the melting point depression of the biological material and storing the biological material at a temperature greater than the melting point depression and less than 0° C.


REFERENCES:
patent: 3637405 (1972-01-01), Mendelson et al.
patent: 3991218 (1976-11-01), Earle et al.
patent: 4387109 (1983-06-01), Kahn et al.
patent: 4554410 (1985-11-01), Yamane
patent: 4565643 (1986-01-01), Arai et al.
patent: 4587027 (1986-05-01), Preusch et al.
patent: 4601842 (1986-07-01), Caple et al.
patent: 4772480 (1988-09-01), Yamane
patent: 4832972 (1989-05-01), Toledo-Flores et al.
patent: 4895729 (1990-01-01), Powrie et al.
patent: 5269149 (1993-12-01), Zeidler
patent: 5310427 (1994-05-01), Manome
patent: 5403609 (1995-04-01), Subotics et al.
patent: 63-263440 (1988-10-01), None
patent: 95/16201 (1995-06-01), None
Sealand, Shipping Guide for Perishables, 1991.*
Wilen et al., Dispersion-force effects in interfacial premelting of ice, Physical Reviews B, vol. 52, issue 16, pp. 12,426-12,433, 1995.*
Roos, Y. J. Food Sci., vol. 56 (3), pp. 684-686, 1986.*
Wang et al. J. Food Sci., vol. 56 (2), pp. 302-308, 1991.*
Alasalvar et al. J. Food Sci., vol. 60 (3), pp. 619-621, 1995.*
Hastings et al. J. Food Sci., vol. 50, pp. 503-506, 1985.*
Love, R. Freezing Irradiat. Fish, Proc. Conf., Abstract, 1967.*
Chen et al. Int. J. Food Sci. & Tech., vol. 30 (2), pp. 167-173, 1995.*
Bonnet et al. Int. J. Food Sci. & Tech., vol. 27 (4), pp. 399-408, 1992.*
Shiga et al. J. Food Sci., vol. 54 (4), pp. 1076-1080, 1988.*
Gill, C., Extending the Storage Life of Raw Meats I. Preservative Atmospheres, Saskatchewan Food Product Innovation Prgm., Jun. 1991.
Gill, C., et al., Extending the Storage Life of Raw Meats II. Controlling the Initial Microbial Quanlity, Technical Bulletin No. 2 of the Western Canada Research Group on Extended Storage of Meats and Meat Products, May 1992.
Gill, C., et al., Extending the Storage Life of Raw Meats III. Control of Product Temperature, Technical Bulletin No. 3 of the Western Canada Research Group on Extended Storage of Meats and Meat Products, Jan. 1993.
Spencer, R., et al., The Effect of Temperature on the Spoilage of Wet White Fish, Food Tech., May 1964, pp. 175-179.
Nowlan, S., et al., Superchilling—A New Application for Preserving Freshness of Fish Filets During Marketing, Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J., 1974, pp. A16-A19, vol. 7, No. 1.
Castell, C., et al., The Value of Temperatures Close to Freezing on the Storage of Fish, J. Fish, Res. Bd. Can., 1950, pp. 111-116, 8(2).
Levine, I., Physical Chemistry (3rdEd.), 1988, pp. 6-8, 197, 317-320, McGraw-Hill Book Co., USA.
Franks, F., Biophysics and Biochemistry at Low Temperatures, 1985, pp. 46-50, Cambridge University Press.
Lee, R., et al. (editors), Insects at Low Temperature, 1991, pp. 17-46 (Chap. 2), Chapman and Hill.
Love, R., et al., Protein Denaturation in Frozen Fish VII—The Temperature of Maximum Denturation in Cod, J. Sci. Fd. Agric., Nov., 1964, pp. 805-809, vol. 15.
Power, H., et al., The Chemical and Physical Characteristics of Cod Stored at Superchill Temperatures, Kreuzer, R. (ed), Freezing and Irradiation of Fish, 1969, pp. 104-113, Fishing News (Books), Ltd., London.
Himelbloom, B., et al., Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha) Quality During Ice and Chilled Seawater Storage, J. of Food Quality, 1994, pp. 197-210.
Translation to English from Japanese (Provided by Gov. of Canada) of Video Taped Program from Japanese Television; Titled: Live Fish Transportation, 1994 pp. 1-28.
Castell, C., Metal-Catalyzed Lipid Oxidation and Changes of Proteins in Fish., J. of American Oil Chemists Society, Nov. 1971, pp. 645-649, vol. 48.
Dyer, W., Report on Trimethylamine in Fish, J. of the AOAC, 1959, pp. 292-294, vol. 42, No. 2.
Jones, N., et al., Rapid Estimations of Hypoxanthine Concentrations as Indices of the Freshness of Chill-Stored Fish, J. Sci. Fd. Agric., 1964, pp. 763-774, vol. 15.
Reay, G. et al., The Spoilage of Fish and Its Preservation by Chilling, J. Adv. Food Res., 1949, pp. 344-398.

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for the USA inventors and patents. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Hypothermic storage technology for biological material does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Hypothermic storage technology for biological material, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Hypothermic storage technology for biological material will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2969589

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.