Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – From reactant having at least one -n=c=x group as well as...
Patent
1991-06-05
1994-05-17
Welsh, Maurice J.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
From reactant having at least one -n=c=x group as well as...
5282955, 528338, 528339, 5283395, 554103, 554213, 554219, 562553, 562579, C08G 1836
Patent
active
053128893
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a new group of monomers that are based on hydroxyfatty acids or aminofatty acids as obtained from fats and oils and that are capable of forming polymers.
TECHNOLOGY REVIEW
Natural fats and oils serve not only as starting materials for producing a multitude of technically important basic compositions under certain conditions they can also be used for producing polymers, in particular plastics, though only to a limited extent so far. Given the signs of certain socio-economic changes (in particular, higher environmental protection expenditures and agricultural overproduction) it can be assumed that naturally occurring fats and oils, as so-called renewable raw materials, will be of significantly greater industrial importance in the future.
The hydroxyfatty acids in natural fats and oils and their derivatives, or the hydroxyfatty acids or aminofatty acids that can be produced from reactive fatty acids (e.g., oleic acid, linoleic acid) are particularly suitable for making technically useful products, especially polymers and plastics. For example, oils and fats which, because of their composition, predominantly contain two or more alcohol groups per triglyceride molecule can be reacted with appropriate reactive compounds such as diisocyanates to give polymer structures. Suitable substances for such reactions are, for instance, castor oil or hydrogenated castor oil, which can be and are used directly as triglycerides.
However, the range of application of this method is limited by the available oils and fats. A particular further disadvantage is that the direct use of triglycerides mainly permits formation of polymers that are cross-linked and therefore cannot be processed thermoplastically. Isolating chemically pure fatty acids and producing suitable hydroxyfatty acid derivatives or aminofatty acid derivatives would make it possible to produce a great variety of polymers including thermo plastics. However, producing from native triglycerides chemically uniform fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives is a major problem of oleochemistry both in technical terms and in terms of costs. This even applied to those triglycerides in which one fatty acid is absolutely predominant. That is why very important fatty acids such as ricinoleic acid, which is used in the production of technical process materials, soaps and lubricants, is used in industry only in technical or industrial grade, but not in its pure chemical form.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention was therefore to produce pure hydroxyfatty acids and aminofatty acids from fatty acid mixtures such as are contained especially in natural fats and oils and moreover, to make these hydroxyfatty and aminofatty acids available in a form that is suitable for further reaction to give polymers.
Therefore, the subject matter of the present invention is monomers obtained by reacting esters of hydroxyl-group-containing fatty acids or esters or salts of amino-group-containing fatty acids, either separately or as mixtures thereof, with bifunctional compounds which are capable of reacting with hydroxyl or amino groups, said reaction being such that two molecules of the fatty acid esters or salts, the fatty acid residues of which may be identical or different, are always linked with each other by means of said bifunctional compound via the hydroxyl groups or the amino groups. These monomers are useful to produce polymeric plastics.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 illustrates a monomer according to the invention, namely bis[ricinoleic acid methyl ester]diurethane, produced by a "tail-to-tail" linkage of fatty acid esters, namely ricinoleic acid methyl esters via diisocyanate.
FIG. 2 illustrates ricinoleic acid methyl esters linked "head-to-head", not according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Monomer production according to the invention is based on the esters of fatty acids containing hydroxyl groups or amino groups, the fatty acid residues preferably ha
REFERENCES:
patent: 4535142 (1985-08-01), Brauer et al.
patent: 4744828 (1988-05-01), Winkel et al.
patent: 4789637 (1988-12-01), Preziosi et al.
"Synthetic Elastomers . . . " vol. 109, 1988.
Frische Rainer
Volkheimer Juergen
Battelle-Institut e.V.
Welsh Maurice J.
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