Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Compositions to be polymerized by wave energy wherein said...
Patent
1997-01-06
1998-06-30
Berman, Susan W.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Compositions to be polymerized by wave energy wherein said...
522 53, 522 39, 522 84, 522 86, 435180, 521 30, 521 31, C08J 704, C08J 718
Patent
active
057734887
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD AND BACKGROUND
Water-insoluble matrices have been used very successfully to couple reagents that are to be used in the analysis of biochemicals or in solid-phase synthesis involving biosubstances. The matrices have also been used as support phases in chromatography, for instance in ion-exchange chromatography, and as support layers in conjunction with liquid absorbents, such as diapers and sanitary napkins for instance. Synthetic matrices have often been hydrophobic, resulting in high non-specific adsorption, such matrices being water repellent, protein denaturing and difficult to form derivatives therefrom. Consequently, there is a general need to be able to hydrophilize hydrophobic surfaces/matrices.
Hydrophilization is known to the art. Oxidizing techniques, such as acid baths, flaming and corona-treatments are often used in industrial applications (e.g. in the case of films, flasks, bottles etc.). Alternative techniques are known for obtaining controlled surface structures, such as plasma polymerization (H. Yasuda, Plasma Polymerization, Academic Press Inc. (1985)), grafting with the aid of electron radiation (F. Yamamoto et al., J. Pol. Sci. (Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978) 1897-1907) or gamma radiation (F. Yamamoto et al., J. Pol. Sci. (Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978) 1883-1895), and photo-initiated grafting (S. Tazuke et al., ACS Symposium Series 121 (1980) 217-241). Electron and gamma radiation grafting processes require a heavy investment input and the provision of comprehensive safety arrangements. Photo-initiated grafting and plasma polymerization processes are probably better suited for Applicant's technical field (see above).
In the case of photo-initiated grafting on plastic surfaces, there is often used an initiator which is activated by UV-light, normally longwave light (300-400 nm). This leads to hydrogen abstraction and the formation of active centers in the form of surface-bound free radicals. If unsaturated monomers are present in the system, grafting polymerization is initiated from the polymer surface. The functionality of the surface can vary, depending on which monomers are added. The technique has earlier been applied to introduce hydrophilic layers which consist essentially of polyethylene glycol and heparin (K. Allmer, Thesis, Kungliga Tekniska Hogskolan, Stockholm, Sweden (1988)).
ADVANTAGES AFFORDED BY THE INVENTION AND OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides a method of hydrophilizing a plastic surface with the aid of a photo-initiated grafting process. The method is simpler to perform than the earlier used methods and is able to impart comparable or improved properties to the applied layer. The method is primarily intended to provide hydrophobic surfaces with a dextran layer.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The inventive method comprises the steps of: dissolved therein that the plastic surface presents a hydrophobic polymer having a plurality of hydrogens bound to sp.sup.3 -hybridized (saturated) carbon atoms and which can be abstracted by the initiator when said intiator is activated, and then the photoinitiator.
The method is unique because the hydrophilic polymer is bound covalently to the plastic surface in one and the same step. This is made possible by the presence of the alkene groups in the hydrophilic polymer. By one and the same step is meant that no change in reaction conditions are necessary between activation and binding of alkene groups to the hydrophobic polymer. An essential factor in achieving high quality hydrophilization and retention of the original properties of the plastic is that the photoinitiator must not penetrate the plastic to any appreciable extent.
The surface (the matrix) to be hydrophilized may have different physical forms. It may have the form of a pore system, such as in porous bodies (monoliths or particles) or membranes, diaphragms, intended for chromatography processes, water absorption, etc. The inner surfaces of vessels, hoses, etc. can also be coated by means of the invention, particularly when these
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Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB
Berman Susan W.
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