Hydrogel microencapsulated vaccines

Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Antigen – epitope – or other immunospecific immunoeffector

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4241891, 4242151, 4242121, 4242191, 4242171, 4242381, 4242101, 4242091, 4242491, 424468, 424 7801, 424489, 424499, A61K 3900, A61K 3938, A61K 950, A61K 914

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active

055297773

ABSTRACT:
Water soluble polymers or polymeric hydrogels are used to encapsulate antigen to form vaccines. The antigen is mixed with a polymer solution, microparticles are formed of the polymer and antigen, and, optionally, the polymer is crosslinked to form a stable microparticle. Preferred polymers are alginate and polyphosphazenes, and mixtures thereof. Microparticles can be adminstered parenterally or mucosally. For oral delivery, the microparticles are preferably fifteen microns or less in diameter, and adhere to the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract, increasing uptake by the reticuloendothelium.

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Espraza et al. 1992. Parameters affecting the immunogenicity of microencapsulated tetanustoxoid. Vaccine. 10:714-720.
Eldridge et al. 1991. Biodegradable microspheres as a vaccine delivery system. Mol. Immunol. 28(3):287-294.
Eldridge et al. 1990. Controlled vaccine release in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues . . . J. Controlled Release. 11:205-214.
Langer. 1990. New Methods of Drug Delivery. Science 249:1527-1533.
Letvin 1993. Vaccines against human immunodeficiency virus-progress and prospects. NEJ Med. 329(19):1400-1405.

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