Hydroformylation process

Details Hydroformylation process Hydroformylation process

1975-04-04

1977-10-04

Thomas, Jr., James O.

Chemistry of carbon compounds

Miscellaneous organic carbon compounds

C-metal

2604109R, 260413, 2604651, 260526R, 260561R, 260598, 260601H, 260602, 260604HF, 560175, 560232, 252432, C07C 4748, B01J 2102

Patent

active

040524612

ABSTRACT:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of aldehydes by the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds using a rhodium catalyst which catalyst is provided by (1) introducing rhodium into the reaction solution in the form of an ionic rhodium compound, the said ionic compound consisting of (a) a rhodium-containing cation having rhodium complexed with ligands other than halide, and (b) a non-coordinating anion; and (2) furnishing to the reaction solution at least two moles of a modifying ligand per mole of ionic rhodium compound where the modifying ligand is furnished either pre-coordinated in the said ionic rhodium compound or as a free compound, and where the modifying ligand is a tertiary organo phosphorous compound having from 3 to 90 carbon atoms, or a tertiary organo arsenic compound having from 3 to 90 carbon atoms, or a tertiary organo antimony compound having from 3 to 90 carbon atoms.
The process is especially useful for the production of aldehydes from olefinically unsaturated compounds having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen at a total pressure of from 4.6 to 142 kg/cm.sup.2 (50 to 2,000 psig), and at a temperature of from about 60.degree. C to about 180.degree. C.
A preferred embodiment of the invention utilizes the modifying ligand at a molar concentration in excess of that required stoichiometrically by the ionic rhodium compound. Another preferred embodiment of this invention employs the modifying ligand as the solvent for the reaction system.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3527809 (1970-09-01), Pruett et al.
patent: 3547964 (1970-12-01), Olivier
patent: 3794671 (1974-02-01), Wilkinson
patent: 3857867 (1974-12-01), Waspero et al.
Cotton et al., Advanced Inorganic Chem., Interscience Publ., pp. 1019-1021 (1966).

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