Data processing: measuring – calibrating – or testing – Measurement system in a specific environment – Earth science
Patent
1998-11-19
2000-07-18
Oda, Christine
Data processing: measuring, calibrating, or testing
Measurement system in a specific environment
Earth science
702 6, 702 11, G01V 140
Patent
active
060920254
ABSTRACT:
A computer implemented method and apparatus for discovering hydrocarbon bearing formations yields a direct indication of hydrocarbon resulting from analyzing seismic amplitude data. The method uses an algorithm for determining a seismic attribute known as delta amplitude dip (DAD) in which each sample point of each seismic trace in a survey is analyzed to determine a planar dip associated with the reflection point and a normalized delta amplitude in the direction of dip. Displaying the DAD values in time slice or horizon slice format provides a direct indicator of hydrocarbons. The inventive method automatically analyzes each digitized data point in the survey by cross correlating the traces reflected from a three-by-three array of reflection points. This method involves cross correlation of eight traces that are reflected from the perimeter of the three-by-three array of reflection points with the single trace reflected from the central point in the array. The correlation is carried out over a predefined time window, and for a series of lags. Then a dipping plane is trial fitted to amplitude events for the nine traces, including lagged traces, such that the cross correlation coherency of traces in the array is optimized for a particular strike and dip position of the dipping plane. The strike and dip of this optimum plane is recorded for later use in calculating the DAD value. The seismic amplitudes along the optimum plane are extracted and contoured. The delta amplitude in the direction of dip is then normalized by the amount of dip to give the DAD value for the center point of the plane. In another aspect of this invention, it has been discovered that conventional AVO data sets such as (A+B) or (A*B) can be used as inputs to DAD processing to further enhance displays used for seismic interpretation.
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Bogatie George E.
Oda Christine
Phillips Petroleum Company
Taylor Victor J.
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