Solid anti-friction devices – materials therefor – lubricant or se – Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and... – Organic oxygen compound
Patent
1996-02-08
1996-11-26
Willis, Jr., Prince
Solid anti-friction devices, materials therefor, lubricant or se
Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and...
Organic oxygen compound
C10M10512
Patent
active
055785581
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP/94/02213, filed Jul. 6, 1994.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to hydraulic oils containing at least one biodegradable Guerbet alcohol as base oil in addition to typical additives.
2. Statement of Related Art
DE-A-39 27 155. describes an environmentally friendly base oil based on natural materials for the formulation of hydraulic oils containing a rapeseed oil and/or soybean oil as the main oil component, specially selected antioxidants and a quantity equal to the main oil component of esters of trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane and/or neopentyl alcohol with C.sub.5-10 monocarboxylic acids or at least partly unsaturated fatty acids based on rapeseed oil, soybean oil or sunflower oil.
Although the base oils according to DE-A-39 27 155 meet standard requirements in regard to ecological compatibility, increased viscosity at elevated operating temperatures and low-temperature stability, they are sensitive to hydrolysis on account of the ester bond present in the synthetic ester.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide a base oil for the formulation of hydraulic oils which would be biodegradable, which would not undergo any significant increase in viscosity under oxidative conditions at elevated working temperatures and which would have a low pour point.
According to the invention, the problem stated above has been solved by a hydraulic oil containing as base oil--in addition to typical additives--at least one Guerbet alcohol corresponding to the general formula R--OH, in which R is a single-branch radical containing 24 to 44 carbon atoms and which has an iodine value of 20 to 150.
Further particulars of the composition of the hydraulic oils can be found in the relevant prior art, cf. in particular "Ullmanns EncyclopAdie der Technischen Chemie", 4th Edition (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim), Vol. 13, pages 85 et seq. "Hydraulikflussigkeit (Hydraulic Fluid)", and Dieter Klamann in "Schmierstoffe und verwandte Produkte" Herstellung, Eigenschaften, Anwendung (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim) 1982, pages 147-148, 11.9 "Hydraulikole (Hydraulic Oils)".
The hydraulic oil compositions according to the invention differ from the known hydraulic oils based on mineral oil which are widely used in practice in the choice of the environmentally friendly, biodegradable Guerbet alcohols as the basic component of the hydraulic oil.
Branched fatty alcohols of the Guerbet alcohol type, which are used as the basic component in hydraulic oil compositions in accordance with the present invention, are known substances which may be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. A typical process for their production is the condensation ("guerbetization") of primary linear, saturated or unsaturated alcohols in the presence of basic catalysts which proceeds via the intermediate stages of aldehydes and aldols (Soap Cosm. Chem. Spec. 52, 1987 and Ullmanns Encyclopadie der Technische Chemic, loc. cit., Vol. 7, page 239 and Vol. 11, page 437).
The Guerbet alcohols used in accordance with the invention contain 24 to 44 carbon atoms and preferably 32 to 40 carbon atoms. According to the invention, they may be used individually or in the form of a mixture of various Guerbet alcohols as the base oil component. The iodine value of the Guerbet alcohol or mixture of Guerbet alcohols is in the range from 20 to 150 and preferably in the range from 70 to 100.
Guerbet alcohols of the unsaturated fatty alcohols commercially available as HD-OCENOL.TM. (products of Henkel KGaA, Dusseldorf) are particularly preferred as the base oil component. One example of such Guerbet alcohols is the Guerbet alcohol of HD-OCENOL.TM. 80/85 which is an oleyl/cetyl alcohol with an iodine value of 84 to 89 and a C.sub.18 component of 70 to 83%.
Other suitable Guerbet alcohols are those of the oleyl/cetyl alcohols HD-OCENOL.TM. 45/50 (C.sub.18 component 60-70%, iodine value 45-50), HD-OCENOL.TM. 50/55 (C.sub.18 compon
REFERENCES:
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"Ullmanns Encyclopadie der Technischen Chemie", 4th Edition (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim), vol. 13, pp. 85 et seq. Hydraulikflussigkeit (hydraulic Fluid) Date Unknown.
"Schmierstoffe und Verwandte Produkte" Herstellung, Eigenschaften, Anwendung (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim) 1982, pp. 147-148, 11.9 Hydraulikole (hydraulic Oils) Month Unknown.
Soap Cosm. Chem. Spec. 52, 1987 Month Unknown.
Ullmanns Encyclopadie der Technische Chemie, loc. cit., vol. 7, p. 239 Date Unknown.
Ullmanns Encyclopadie der Technische Chemie, loc. cit., vol. 11, p. 437 Date Unknown.
Bongardt Frank
Daute Peter
Fies Matthias
Mueller Gerhard
Drach John E.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Millson Jr. Henry E.
Toomer Cephia D.
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