Hybrid RO/PRO system

Liquid purification or separation – Processes – Liquid/liquid solvent or colloidal extraction or diffusing...

Reexamination Certificate

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Details

C210S644000, C210S195200, C210S257200, C417S404000

Reexamination Certificate

active

07871522

ABSTRACT:
A system which includes a separation element (11) employing semipermeable membrane material (17), which system is designed so that it can operate either in an RO mode to produce high quality water or in a PRO mode to generate power from two aqueous solutions of different salt concentrations. In a preferred embodiment, a rotary pressure transfer device (29) is included to transfer pressure from an outlet stream exiting the separation element to an inlet stream being supplied to the separation element.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3906250 (1975-09-01), Loeb
patent: 4193267 (1980-03-01), Loeb
patent: 6017200 (2000-01-01), Childs et al.
patent: 6110375 (2000-08-01), Bacchus et al.
patent: 6185940 (2001-02-01), Prueitt
patent: 7201557 (2007-04-01), Stover
patent: 2005/0072152 (2005-04-01), Suzuki et al.
patent: 2009/0104046 (2009-04-01), Martin et al.
patent: 2003-176775 (2003-06-01), None
patent: WO 02/13955 (2002-02-01), None
patent: WO 2005/017352 (2005-02-01), None
Loeb, “Energy production at the Dead Sea by pressure-retarded osmosis: challenge or chimera?”, Desalination, vol. 120 (1998), pp. 247-262.
Loeb, “Large-scale power production by pressure-retarded osmosis, using river water and sea water passing through spiral modules”, Desalination, vol. 143 (2002), pp. 115-122.

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