Ammunition and explosives – Mines
Patent
1985-07-15
1987-05-19
Jordan, Charles T.
Ammunition and explosives
Mines
102476, F42B 2304, F42B 1310
Patent
active
046658262
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a hybrid explosive unit, i.e. comprising a detonating explosive and inert material.
Known explosive units used in ventral action anti-tank mines require, in order to function satisfactorily, an auxiliary charge which, prior to detonation of the main charge, displaces the earth covering the embedded mine. In addition, the constituent parts of the mine in the blast zone of the hollow charge disrupt the formation of the blast and cancel out the penetrating effect. In actual practice, providing an auxiliary charge presents numerous problems, amongst others the setting of the delay time for the detonation of the main charge with respect to the auxiliary charge and the force of the auxiliary charge. Other problems are of an external nature and are caused by different types of terrain in which mines may be embedded, ranging from the extreme mobility of sandy terrain to the extreme hardness of frozen terrain.
In British Specification No. 2,039,008A there is disclosed an explosive unit in particular intended for use in anti-tank projectiles, comprising at least two hollow tandem charges of unequal power operating in cascade, one charge being fired first and constituting the exciter charge disposed behind the main charge, a single priming device in the form of a frusto-conical annular body for firing both charges. The blast of the exciter charge is adapted to pass through an axial opening and thus penetrate into the main charge. The system is fired by means of a single priming unit excited by a detonator. A screen disposed between the priming unit and the exciter charge has the effect that the detonation wave produced by the exciter charge is transmitted to the main charge by means of a pyrotechnical relay which functions either as an "accelerator" or as a "retarder" and which is protected by the screen.
Swiss Specification No. 475,543 relates to a hollow charge for anti-tank land mines. The explosive charge is housed in a casing which is closed by a conical insert which displays an angle of substantially 90.degree. and which is disposed over the hollow charge, the apex of the conical insert being cut off and replaced by a cone of inert material.
In German Specification No. 19 01 472 C there is described an explosive head for combating tanks, comprising two hollow charges (primary and secondary) which are activated one after the other. The casing containing the hollow charge is closed at its lower extremity by a disc held in position by a retaining ring. An element is located in an axial hole formed in the disc and a point in the middle of a transmission plate extends into the said element. The rear surface of the primary charge defines a concavity adapted to receive a two part deflector constructed of inert material.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a hybrid explosive unit, in particular for anti-tank mines having a ventral action, able to penetrate the armour plating of the underside of tanks, even when the mines are embedded and covered by a layer of earth 10 to 20 cms. thick. The projectile that issues from the explosive unit provided by the present invention, is actuated by the interaction of detonation waves with appropriate inert materials. It is capable of maintaining its penetrating capacity consistently over a distance of several meters from the point of detonation of the explosive charge, even if it is necessary for the projectile to traverse layers of earth several decimeters in thickness when the unit is exploded.
According to the present invention therefore, there is provided a hybrid explosive unit comprising a casing, an explosive charge in the casing defining, at the upper end thereof, an upwardly facing hollow, a shaped element lining said hollow, a metal cylinder embedded in said charge and extending through the middle of said shaped element, a sheath of inert material surrounding said cylinder, said cylinder and said sheath being adapted together to form a first projectile of high penetrating power, and a member of inert material embedded in sai
REFERENCES:
patent: 2809585 (1957-10-01), Moses
patent: 3478685 (1969-11-01), Thomanek
patent: 3661086 (1972-05-01), Thomanek et al.
patent: 4213391 (1980-07-01), Drimmer
patent: 4425850 (1984-01-01), Grossler
Brind Anstalt Fuer Industrie Patente
Jordan Charles T.
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