Ammunition and explosives – Cartridges – Projectile structure
Patent
1996-06-25
1998-09-08
Tudor, Harold J.
Ammunition and explosives
Cartridges
Projectile structure
102517, 102518, 102521, 244 326, F42B 500, F42B 1202
Patent
active
058047590
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to ammunition for small, medium or large-calibre weapons and, more particularly, to a new telescoping-flechette bullet, of the type comprising a sub-projectile connected to a launcher, set in motion by a propulsion system.
Ammunition of the flechette type is known in the military and sporting fields and, for example, patent FR-A-2.335.818 describes hunting ammunition comprising a subcalibre projectile fin-stabilized, connected to a launcher sabot. The latter is produced from a material which is likely to fragment when the ammunition leaves the tube, and the dispersion of the fragments thus constitutes a danger to the safety of the user. In addition, the "thrust" launching used in this patent results in a sub-projectile which is very short, in is which the L/D ratio (length of the sub-projectile/diameter of the body of the sub-projectile) cannot exceed 2,5, accordingly resulting in a limited energy balance upon impact.
Patent FR-A-2.627.854 relates to sporting ammunition comprising a projectile formed by an internal element, the front and the side walls being covered by an external element in the form of a sleeve. The internal metal element comprises a head in a neutralizing shape which is integral with a rear flechette on which it is possible for a hammer to slide in order to increase the neutralizing effect of the projectile at the time of impact. The external element does, however, remain attached to the internal element during the entire trajectory of the projectile; it is not possible for it to be assimilated with a launcher such as that used in flechette bullets and does not provide the same advantages. The launching principle of this projectile is also of the "thrust" type, and the L/D ratio cannot exceed about 3, also resulting in a weak force on impact on the target.
In addition, drawbacks of this type of projectile are that it produces a strong aerodynamic drag and is sensitive to cross-wind. These projectiles also have a certain propensity to ricochet off obstacles such as tree trunks.
Patent FR-A-2.555.728 describes ammunition of the flechette type, i.e. comprising a sub-projectile which is finstabilized, which is connected to a detachable sabot of the "draw-thrust" type, the effect of which is to ensure the guiding and the tightness during the passage of the ammunition in the tube. The sub-projectile has a tapering shape and is produced from a material of high density, conferring on it a considerable surface energy at the time of impact. This feature does, however, present a drawback in that it frequently causes only light injuries to the game, it being possible, in fact, for the sub-projectile to pass through the soft outer skin of the game without encountering any hard part. In addition, it is possible for the projectile to be carried for a considerable distance if the target was missed, due to its good stability in maintaining its trajectory, and it may then pose a danger to persons in the vicinity.
Patent FR-A-2.602.042 describes ammunition also comprising a projectile of the flechette type, the launching of which is of the "thrust" type. The sub-projectile which is connected to a sabot is stabilized by fins which are mounted to slide on the body of the sub-projectile, thereby ensuring an increase in the length, and the L/D ratio is of the order of 3,5. The energy balance of this type of ammunition does, however, remain insufficient, and the accuracy of the shot at normal distances is not always satisfactory, as is, moreover, the case for all ammunition using the "thrust" type of launching.
All the projectiles described in the above-mentioned patents comprise a monobloc launching system or a launching system of a composite construction, produced essentially of plastics material, which has the drawback that, in respect of certain projectiles such as those of patent FR-A-2.627.854, it has a low density, resulting in a low stopping power in respect of the game. For other projectiles, the launching system of a composite construction, detachable at the mouth of the
REFERENCES:
patent: H198 (1987-01-01), Stone
patent: 4135449 (1979-01-01), Prochnow et al.
patent: 4788915 (1988-12-01), Sauvestre
patent: 4977834 (1990-12-01), Denis
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