Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins; – Proteins – i.e. – more than 100 amino acid residues – Lymphokines – e.g. – interferons – interlukins – etc.
Reexamination Certificate
1996-02-23
2001-01-16
Draper, Garnette D. (Department: 1646)
Chemistry: natural resins or derivatives; peptides or proteins;
Proteins, i.e., more than 100 amino acid residues
Lymphokines, e.g., interferons, interlukins, etc.
C530S324000, C930S140000, C424S085100
Reexamination Certificate
active
06174995
ABSTRACT:
This invention relates to newly identified polynucleotides, polypeptides encoded by such polynucleotides, the use of such polynucleotides and polypeptides, as well as the production of such polynucleotides and polypeptides. More particularly, the polypeptides of the present invention are human chemokine beta-4 (also referred to as “Ck&bgr;-4”) and human chemokine monocyte chemotactic protein (referred to as “MCP-4,” and also known and referred to as human chemokine beta-10 and “Ck&bgr;-10”), which, collectively, are referred to as “the chemokine polypeptides”. The invention also relates to inhibiting the action of such polypeptides.
Chemokines are an emerging super-family of small secreted cytokines that are structurally and functionally related. All chemokines exhibit 25 to 75% homology at the amino acid level and contain spatially conserved cysteine residues as do the polypeptides of the present invention. Members of the “C-X-C branch” (according to the position of the first two cysteines in the conserved motif), also known as neutrophil-activating peptide (NAP)/IL-8 family, exert pro-inflammatory activity mainly through their action on neutrophils (e.g., IL-8 and NAP-2), whereas members of the “C-C branch” family appear to attract certain mononuclear cells. Members of the “C-C branch” include PF4, MIPs, MCPs, and the chemokine polypeptides of the present invention.
Numerous biological activities have been assigned to this chemokine family. The macrophage inflammatory protein 1&agr; and 1&bgr; are chemotactic for distinct lymphocyte populations and monocytes (Schall, T. J., Cytokine, 3:165 (1991)), while MCP-1 has been described as a specific monocyte chemo-attractant (Matsushima et al., J. Exp. Med., 169: 1485 (1989)). The common function of this chemokine family is their ability to stimulate chemotactic migration of distinct sets of cells, for example, immune cells (leukocytes) and fibroblasts. These chemokines are also able to activate certain cells in this family.
The immune cells which are responsive to the chemokines have a vast number of in vivo functions and therefore their regulation by such chemokines is an important area in the treatment of disease.
For example, eosinophils destroy parasites to lessen parasitic infection. Eosinophils are also responsible for chronic inflammation in the airways of the respiratory system. Macrophages are responsible for suppressing tumor formation in vertebrates. Further, basophils release histamine which may play an important role in allergic inflammation. Accordingly, promoting and inhibiting such cells, has wide therapeutic application.
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, there are provided novel polypeptides which are Ck&bgr;-4, and MCP-4 (also referred to as Ck&bgr;-10), as well as fragments, analogs and derivatives thereof. The polypeptides of the present invention are of human origin.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there are provided polynucleotides (DNA or RNA) which encode such polypeptides.
In accordance with yet a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for producing such polypeptides by recombinant techniques.
In accordance with yet a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process for utilizing such polypeptides, or polynucleotides encoding such polypeptides for therapeutic purposes, for example, to treat solid tumors, chronic infections, auto-immune diseases, psoriasis, asthma, allergy, to regulate hematopoiesis, and to promote wound healing.
In accordance with yet a further aspect of the present invention, there are provided antibodies against such polypeptides.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there are provided antagonist/inhibitors to such polypeptides, which may be used to inhibit the action of such polypeptides, for example, in the treatment of auto-immune diseases, chronic inflammatory and infective diseases, histamine-mediated allergic reactions, prostaglandin-independent fever, bone marrow failure, silicosis, sarcoidosis, hyper-eosinophilic syndrome and lung inflammation.
These and other aspects of the present invention should be apparent to those skilled in the art from the teachings herein.
The following drawings are illustrative of embodiments of the invention and are not meant to limit the scope of the invention as encompassed by the claims.
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Adams Mark
Alderson Ralph
Applebaum Edward
Li Haodong
Li Yuling
Draper Garnette D.
Human Genome Sciences Inc.
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