Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology – Micro-organism – tissue cell culture or enzyme using process... – Enzymatic production of a protein or polypeptide
Patent
1984-03-06
1988-07-19
Wiseman, Thomas G.
Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
Micro-organism, tissue cell culture or enzyme using process...
Enzymatic production of a protein or polypeptide
4351721, 4351723, 435839, 435849, 935 16, 935 72, 935 73, 935 74, C12P 2100, C12N 1500
Patent
active
047585129
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
rganisms and methods of this invention permit the large-scale production of foreign recombinant products in high yields.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a table which indicates the level of protease La isolated from htpR mutants at 30.degree. and 42.degree. C.
FIG. 2 is a comparative graphical presentation of the percentage of degradation vs. time for various incomplete E. coli polypeptides that have incorporated puromycin.
FIG. 3 is a comparative graphical presentation of the percentage of degradation vs. time for various abnormal E. coli proteins that contain canavanine in place of arginine.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In order that the invention herein described may be more fully understood, the following detailed description is set forth.
In the description, the following terms are employed:
Nucleotide--A monomeric unit of DNA or RNA consisting of a sugar moiety (pentose), a phosphate, and a nitrogenous heterocyclic base. The base is linked to the sugar moiety via the glycosidic carbon (1' carbon of the pentose) and that combination of base and sugar is called a nucleoside. The base characterizes the nucleotide. The four DNA bases are adenine ("A"), guanine ("G"), cytosine ("C"), and thymine ("T"). The four RNA bases are A, G, C and uracil ("U").
DNA Sequence--A linear array of nucleotides connected one to the other by phosphodiester bonds between the 3' and 5' carbons of adjacent pentoses.
Codon--A DNA sequence of three nucleotides (a triplet) which encodes, through its template or messenger RNA ("mRNA"), an amino acid, a translation start signal or a translation termination signal. For example, the nucleotide triplets TTA, TTG, CTT, CTC, CTA and CTG encode the amino acid leucine ("Leu"), TAG, TAA and TGA are translation stop signals and ATG is a translation start signal.
Polypeptide--A linear array of amino acids connected one to the other by peptide bonds between the .alpha.-amino and carboxy groups of adjacent amino acids.
Gene--A DNA sequence which encodes through its mRNA a sequence of amino acids characteristic of a specific polypeptide.
Transcription--The process of producing mRNA from a gene or DNA sequence.
Translation--The process of producing a polypeptide from mRNA.
Expression--The process of producing a polypeptide from a DNA sequence or gene. It involves transcription and translation.
Plasmid--A nonchromosomal, double-stranded DNA sequence comprising an intact "replicon" such that the plasmid is replicated in a host cell. When the plasmid is placed within a unicellular organism, the characteristics of that organism may be changed or transformed as a result of the DNA of the plasmid. For example, a plasmid carrying the gene for tetracycline resistance (Tet.sup.R) transforms a cell previously sensitive to tetracycline into one which is resistant to it. A host cell transformed by a plasmid or vector is called a "transformant".
Phage or Bacteriophage--Bacterial virus many of which consist of DNA sequences encapsidated in a protein envelope or coat ("capsid").
Cloning Vehicle or Vector--A plasmid, phage DNA or other DNA sequence which is able to replicate in a host cell, characterized by one or a small number of endonuclease recognition or restriction sites at which such DNA sequences may be cut in a determinable fashion without attendant loss of an essential biological function of the DNA, e.g., replication, production of coat proteins or loss of promoter or binding sites, and which contains a marker suitable for use in the identification of transformed cells, e.g., tetracycline resistance or ampicillin resistance.
Cloning--The process of obtaining a population of organisms or DNA sequences derived from one such organism or sequence by asexual reproduction.
Recombinant DNA Molecule or Hybrid DNA--A molecule consisting of segments of DNA from different genomes (the entire DNA of a cell or virus) which have been joined end-to-end outside of living cells and have the capacity to infect some host cell and to be maintained therein.
Expression Control Sequence--A sequ
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Casson Lawrence P.
Goff Stephen A.
Goldberg Alfred L.
Mays Thomas D.
President and Fellows of Harvard College
Wiseman Thomas G.
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