Metal deforming – By application of fluent medium – or energy field – Using fixed die
Reexamination Certificate
2000-07-07
2002-08-20
Jones, David (Department: 3725)
Metal deforming
By application of fluent medium, or energy field
Using fixed die
C072S061000, C072S062000, C285S296100
Reexamination Certificate
active
06434990
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to a hose assembly employing a hydroformed fitting, and more particularly, to an improved hydroforming system and method of using a die to hydroform a hose fitting.
Hydroforming, sometimes referred to as fluid forming, was developed during the late 1940s-early '50s in response to a need for a more efficient, cost-effective method of producing metal parts. As a general principle, hydroforming involves application of a predetermined fluid pressure to an area of metal surface to be manipulated. Where the metal surface is a tube, an internal fluid pressure is applied as the tube is bent and stretched. Generally, hydroformation of a tube can be accomplished by filling the tube interior with the fluid, retaining it therein and increasing the internal pressure. Depending upon the die tool utilized, hydroforming can also be used to radially expand the tube.
Specific advantages of hydroforming include: relatively inexpensive tooling, the availability of complex shapes and contours, minimal material thinout (hydroforming flows the metal rather than stretching it—thinout is usually less than 10%), reduced finishing costs (bid comparison, matched die methods of formation can cause scuff marks, shock and stretch lines), and precision with difficult configurations even where high tolerances are required.
Typically, fittings manufactured for use ill conjunction with hose assemblies are machined at considerable expense. Where a one-piece machined fitting is not available or is uneconomical, a brazing procedure can be utilized to provide the desired fitting from two components. Inherently, brazing provides a structural weakness which may manifest itself through failure upon application of routine pressure forces. Where one-piece fittings can be machined, they are difficult to bend if a curved configuration is required. Even so, bending introduces material weaknesses and increases the potential for failure at application pressures.
There are a considerable number of problems and deficiencies relating to the manufacture of hose fittings and, subsequently, assemblies with such fittings. The search for a cost-efficient and effective alternative to machining has been an on-going concern in the art. There is a need for a system/method, hose fitting and/or assembly which takes advantage of the manufacturing and commercial benefits typically associated with hydroforming.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to overcome the problems and shortcomings of the prior art, including those described above. Another object of this invention can be to provide a hose assembly prepared using a hydroforining process.
It can be another object of the present invention to provide a one-piece hose fitting which is formed unitarily, without brazing, to maintain structural integrity.
It can also be an object of this invention to provide a fitting meeting pertinent industry dimensional, design and/or performance specifications or their equivalents, such a fitting as can be hydroformed and/or used in conjunction with a hose assembly also meeting or equivalent to such underlying specifications.
It can also be an object of this invention to provide a system for hydroforming, unitarily, a one-piece hose fitting, such a system as can include a die tool and/or a set of dies, as can be used to hydroform a fitting meeting or equivalent to various industry specifications.
It can also be an object of the present invention to provide a system having an interchangeable die tool and/or dies such that hose fittings of variable design and dimension can be hydroformed from tubular stock.
It can also be an object of this invention to provide a system and/or method for hydroforming a hose fitting for use in conjunction with a securing mechanism, such that a hose can be assembled with such a fitting.
It can also be an object of this invention to provide a metallic hose fitting hydroformed such that the fitting is substantially free of machine lines, scuff marks and related surface deformities typically observed as a result of machining or related mechanical/grinding procedures, and substantially without material thinning, allowing for a degree of thinning inherent to hydroforming processes.
It can also be an object of this invention to provide a hose fitting, assembly, system and/or method obviating the need for costly finishing work on the hose fitting.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that one or more aspects of this invention can meet certain objects, while one or more other aspects can meet certain other objectives. Each objective may not apply equally, in all instances, to every aspect of this invention. As such, the following objects—in light of the prior art regarding hose assemblies, hose fittings and methods for their preparation—can be viewed in the alternative with respect to any one aspect of the present invention.
Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following summary and description of preferred embodiments, and as such, will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art having knowledge of various hose fittings, assemblies and the requirements for their use in trade and industry. Such objects, features, benefits and advantages will be apparent from the above as taken in conjunction with the accompanying examples, tables, data, figures and all reasonable inferences to be drawn therefrom.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention includes an improved hose fitting, as well as an assembly for use therewith, together with a system and/or method of preparing such. The invention overcomes certain well-known problems and deficiencies, including those outlined above, while providing a cost-effective alternative to current manufacturing and machining operations. In part, the present invention is a hose assembly, including: (1) a unitary hose fitting hydroformed from a tube and (2) a hose functionally and dimensionally compatible with the hose fitting. Consistent with die benefits available through hydroforming but heretofore unrealized in the context of a hose fitting, application of internal tubular pressure results in a number of structural characteristics not available through use of the prior art, including metal flow without stretching or substantially thinning the metal. In such a way, a one-piece fitting can be unitarily prepared without brazing and without lines or scuff marks or other surface imperfections typically resulting from a machining operation. At least a barb can be incorporated into the fitting configuration, such that the hose component mates with the fitting and engages a barb incorporated therein.
In preferred embodiments, the hydroformed hose fitting has at least one portion for attachment of a securing mechanism. In such an embodiment, the assembly also includes a mechanism to secure the hose to the fitting. hi highly-preferred embodiments and without limitation, the mechanism can be a ferrule or a clamp. While screw style fittings may be less preferred for certain assemblies or uses, such can also be hydroformed in accordance with this invention providing measures are taken to maintain structural integrity about the thread portion. See, for instance, U.S. Pat. No. 5,333,775 referenced below.
Likewise, ill preferred embodiments, the hydroformed fitting of die assembly has dimensional aid performance properties selected from, among other properties, dimensional and performance properties either meeting or equivalent to Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J516 standard specifications for hydraulic hose fittings. In a similar fashion, preferred embodiments of the present assembly include those where the hose component has dimensional and performance properties selected from those dimensional and performance properties either meeting or equivalent to SAE J517 standard specifications for hydraulic hoses. Such standard specifications for hydraulic hose and hose fittings, as well as other hose and fitting components, are well-known to those skilled in the art,
Formrite Companies, Inc.
Jones David
Reinhart Boerner Van Deuren S.C.
LandOfFree
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