Horizontal film balance having wide range and high sensitivity

Measuring and testing – Liquid analysis or analysis of the suspension of solids in a... – Vapor pressure

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G01N 1302

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044135068

ABSTRACT:
A thin-film, horizontal balance instrument is provided for measuring surface tension (surface energy) of thin films suspended on a liquid substrate. The balance includes a support bearing and an optical feedback arrangement for wide-range, high sensitivity measurements. The force on the instrument is balanced by an electromagnet, the current through the magnet providing a measure of the force applied to the instrument. A novel float construction is also disclosed.

REFERENCES:
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Langmuir, I., The Constitution and Fundamental Properties of Solids and Liquids, II Liquids, vol. 39, (May 23, 1917), pp. 1848-1872.
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Harkins, W. D. et al., I. A Simple Accurate Film Balance of the Vertical Type for Biological & Chemical Work, and a Theoretical and Experimental Comparison with the Horizontal Type, (Periodical Unknown), vol. 59, (1937), pp. 2189-2197.
Hawkins, G. A., et al. Measurements of the Equation of State of a Two-Dimensional Gas Near its Critical Point, Phys. Rev. Letters, vol. 32, No. 10, (Mar. 1974), pp. 524-527.
Harkins, W. D. et al., Contact Potentials and the Effects of Unimolecular Films on Surface Potentials, I. Films of Acids and Alcohols, Journ. of Chem. Phy., vol. I, (Dec. 1933), pp. 852-862.
Adam, N. K. et al., The Structure of Thin Films, Part VII, Royal Soc. Proceed., Series A. vol. 110, (1925), pp. 423-441.
Fromherz, P., Instrumentation for Handling Monomolecular Films at an Air-Water Interface, Rev. Sci. Instrum. vol. 46, No. 10, (Oct. 1975), pp. 1380-1385.

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