Horizontal cyclone separator for a fluidized bed reactor

Details Horizontal cyclone separator for a fluidized bed reactor Horizontal cyclone separator for a fluidized bed reactor

1994-08-11

2001-06-12

Wu, David W. (Department: 1713)

Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser

Chemical reactor

Fluidized bed

C422S146000, C422S147000, C055S459100

Reexamination Certificate

active

06245300

ABSTRACT:

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates in general to a cyclone separator, and, more particularly, to a horizontal cyclone separator for separating solid particles from gases generated by the combustion of fuel in a fluidized bed reactor, or the like.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A typical cyclone separator is usually associated with a fluidized bed reactor and includes a vertically-oriented, cylindrical vortex chamber in which is disposed a central gas outlet pipe for carrying the separated gases upwardly, while the separated solids are returned to the fluidized bed through a funnel-shaped base of the separator via a stardpipe. These vertical cyclone separators are substantial in size and eliminate the possibility of a compact system design which can be modularized and easily transported and erected. For larger reactors, several vertical cyclone separators are often required to provide adequate particle separation, which compound the size problem and, in addition, usually require complicated gas duct arrangements with reduced operating efficiency.
Horizontal cyclone separators characterized by a horizontally-oriented, cylindrical vortex chamber, as disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,174,799, have been constructed which eliminate many of the above mentioned problems. For example, horizontal cyclone separators may be readily configured within the upper portion of the reactor and integrated with the walls of the reactor making the bulk, weight, and cost much less than conventional separators. Additionally, they can be modularized making them easy to erect. However, many known horizontal cyclone separators have various shortcomings, particularly with regard to their gas-solids inlet which extends substantially the full length of the separator. This extended length causes the separated solids that have collected on the wall past the exit to become re-entrained in the incoming gas-solids stream. Another shortcoming is that the vertical end wall opposite the gas outlet causes the separated solids to bounce off the latter wall and become re-entrained in the separated gas stream.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a horizontal cyclone separator that minimizes the re-entrainment of the separated solids into the separated gas stream.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a horizontal cyclone separator having an inlet that extends a fraction of the length of the separator.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a horizontal cyclone separator of the above type in which a ring-shaped solids deflector is provided on the vertical end wall opposite a gas outlet to prevent solids from bouncing from the wall into the separated gas stream.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a horizontal cyclone separator wherein the incoming gas-solids mixture is directed tangentially into a vortex chamber.
Toward the fulfillment of these and other objects, the horizontal cyclone separator of the present invention includes a furnace section and a vortex chamber communicating with the furnace section and having an inlet which extends a fraction of the length of the furnace section and receives a mixture of the gaseous products of combustion and solids entrained by the gases. Once inside the vortex chamber, the solids are separated from the mixture by centrifugal action. A coaxially disposed tube extends partially into the chamber to allow the separated gases to exit the separator. A ring-shaped solids deflector is disposed on the vertical wall opposite the coaxially disposed tube to prevent solids from bouncing off the rear wall towards the center of the separator and into the path of the separated gas stream. The separated solids fall into a trough formed in a lower portion of the furnace section for returning the solids back to the furnace section.


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