Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e. – impellers) – Specific blade structure – Hollow
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-01
2001-02-27
Look, Edward K. (Department: 3726)
Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e., impellers)
Specific blade structure
Hollow
C415S915000, C415S090000, C415S229000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06193468
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a hollow-cast component which encloses at least one hollow space.
2. Brief Description of the Related Art
When manufacturing high precision cast components, it is necessary that any existing cores are supported in the case mold in as stable a manner as possible. With rising requirements on manufacturing accuracy, the necessary dimensions of the core supports therefore in general rise also.
Because of the core supports, openings are created in the component's walls during casting. In many cases, these openings are not necessary for the component's function, or at least are not necessary to the degree that they are provided. To the contrary, excessively large and numerous core openings like these are, in most cases, undesirable since, on the one hand, they weaken the mechanical stability of the components, but, in particular, also represent undesirable leakage points.
As an example, reference is made in this context to a cooled gas turbine blade whose interior has been provided with complex cooling air channels. To create the internal structures of such blades, cores must be fixed very precisely and in a very stable manner in the cast mold. It is therefore desirable to secure the core, i.e., on the side of the blade base and on the side of the blade head, with large core supports. The large core openings thus created also facilitates the removal of the core from the hollow-cast blade and permit easy inspection of the hollow space.
But the cast component created in this manner has openings that are undesirable for its proper function. Although in the above mentioned example of a cooled gas turbine blade, relatively large openings at the blade base are desired to bring cooling air into and remove air from the blade interior, openings that are desirable or even necessary in terms of production technology, especially on the blade head, often lead to damaging cooling air leakage.
In the past, the goal was to keep the core supports as small as possible at those places where an opening was not to be provided in any case. But this solution increases casting tolerances. Very small bores are not processed any further, while a closure piece is welded or soldered over the hole in larger openings. The latter approach is not without problems, especially if the component is used in the hot gas part of gas turbines, i.e., the closure piece and the seam are directly exposed to the hot gas. High temperature alloys, as those used for gas turbine blades, often are hard to weld also. There is therefore a latent danger that the attached closure piece separates from the component, and the previously closed opening is again open. This risk of a separating closure piece is especially high if it is attached to the head of a rotor blade, for which an additional centrifugal force is in effect. The closure piece also can be separated if a rotor blade brushes against the housing, or if a guide blade brushes against the rotor elements.
Especially in the above described example of a gas turbine blade, this failure of the closure piece may result in a sensitive shift in the cooling air balance, potentially resulting in a component failure with serious consequences as a result of overheating.
On the other hand, as was described above, the core openings cannot be completely eliminated without having to accept drastically greater casting tolerances and drastic reduction in the designer's freedom when designing the hollow spaces, i.e., when designing the component cooling.
It would therefore be desirable to use the largest possible core supports because of production technology considerations, while on the other hand the resulting core openings must be reliably closed. The current state of the art does not provide any suitable possibility for accomplishing this.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an objective of the invention to describe the closing of the core openings for a hollow-cast component, where said component encloses at least one hollow space, and said component is being run through by at least one core opening made during manufacturing in such a way that the above described disadvantages are avoided.
According to a first exemplary embodiment, a hollow-cast component comprises a surface and at least one hollow space, at least one core opening made during manufacturing of said component, a closure piece, said at least one core opening being closed with said closure piece, and at least one recess accessible from the outside of said component, a penetration of said at least one recess forming a closed line with said surface of said component, said at least one recess covering said at least one core opening within said component in its entirety, said closure piece being also arranged inside said at least one recess.
According to a second exemplary embodiment, a method for producing a hollow-cast component, said hollow-cast component including a surface, at least one hollow space, at least one core opening, and at least one recess accessible from the outside of said component, a penetration of said at least one recess forming a closed line with said surface of said component, said at least one recess covering said at least one core opening within said component in its entirety, comprises the steps of, casting said component with a cast mold and a casting core to form said hollow space, said casting core being fixed during said casting step by core supports in said cast mold, forming said at least one recess in said component which at least one recess covers at least one of said at least one core openings, removing said casting core after said casting step through said core openings created by said core supports, closing said core openings with a closure piece after said step of removing said casting core by inserting said closure piece from the outside of said component into said at least one recess, said closure piece having a size selected from the group consisting of smaller than, the same as, or larger than that of said at least one recess, fixing said closure piece in said at least one recess.
Still other objects, features, and attendant advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from a reading of the following detailed description of embodiments constructed in accordance therewith, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2821323 (1958-01-01), Lee, II
patent: 3761201 (1973-09-01), Silverstein et al.
patent: 5407326 (1995-04-01), Lardellier
patent: 39 36 171 (1991-05-01), None
patent: 44 34 139 (1995-08-01), None
patent: 44 30 489 (1995-10-01), None
patent: 196 47 069 (1998-05-01), None
Beeck Alexander
El-Nashar Ibrahim
Kreis Erhard
von Arx Beat
Asea Brown Boveri AG
Burns Doane Swecker & Mathis L.L.P.
Look Edward K.
McDowell Liam
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