Turning – Severing or cut-off – Interrelated means for tool infeed and circumrotation
Patent
1983-11-09
1985-07-23
Vlachos, Leonidas
Turning
Severing or cut-off
Interrelated means for tool infeed and circumrotation
82 37, 407 69, 407 77, 407 85, 407101, B23B 2922, B23B 2928
Patent
active
045302634
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to the fixing and attachment for lathe tools, especially in customary lead screw and draw spindle lathes.
The setting up of the tools in such lathes, namely the height adjustment of the cutting edges and the alignment of the chip-removing tools such as turning tools, boring bars and the like and also the alignment of not-chip removing tools such as knurling tools or embossing rolls had to be done heretofore directly at the shut-down machine itself by skilled labor with high costs in time. The shut-down times and the set-up time counted the more, the smaller the quantity to be produced, and reached a maximum in making single pieces, for instance, in toolmaking. The effect was especially detrimental if several tool changes were necessary in machining a workpiece. Economical production of small lots could hardly be considered. Only the use of turret lathes or screw machines was available, in which all tools were rigidly set up and switched into the operating position sequentially. With these machines, the absolute setup times are considerably longer than the setup and changeover in the conventional slide lathes; but the changeover times are reduced to seconds and the shut-down times of the machine during changeover are eliminated entirely. The prorated setup costs, however, are distributed over large quantities and the labor costs are reduced considerably because semiskilled personnel can be used for operating the turret lathes, and the operation of screw machines is limited to the supervision of several machines. If small lots of screw machine parts have to be made regularly on turret lathes, for instance, spare parts, it is possible, of course, to store the equipped turrets and to use them directly when required, and to thereby save a complete new setup; this is balanced, however, by higher investment costs. In addition, it is assumed that the shop has these machines available at all.
The center of gravity of setting-up in the customary slide lathe is the height adjustment of the cutting edge of the chip-removing tool or the knurling roll fork or the embossing or flanging roll holder. To this end, the square shanks of the turning tools or holders are placed with shims on the support and are aligned until the required height is reached, are then aligned in the horizontal plane and are clamped together by means of nuts and wrenches. The number and thickness of the shims determine the height of the cutting edges or tools. In changing tools, the adjustment is lost with the exception of the height dimension, assuming that the stack of shims is stored with the tool unchanged. Tools such as this, for instance, boring rods with circular shank cross section can be fastened here with the aid of a pair of V-blocks. However, this facilitates and speeds up the setting-up and resetting of the lathe only slightly; also, remeasuring of the setting at the machine can hardly be dispensed with. It is an object of the invention to keep the tool and the shims together captive and preset outside of the lathe with respect to the height and other adjustments in a preferably uniform setting in such a manner that they can be placed on the support by a uniform receiving and clamping fixture in an exactly reproducible manner, and exchanged.
The purpose is: from the lathe physically and timewise; provided for a given part to be made needs to be set up only once and can be stored for future or repeated requirements; any machine shut-down times occur; lathes; in spite of this, the tool change can be accelerated by fast-acting clamping devices, so that changing speeds are obtained which are comparable to those of turret lathes; preserved to change and clamp simultaneously two to four tools and to thereby achieve a further increase in performance; be taken apart in order to limit keeping setups in stock.
The broad spectrum of possible uses of the invention can be explained most effectively by the example of a universal lathe; it makes it possible for the owner of such machines, among other things, to increase the effe
REFERENCES:
patent: 302496 (1884-07-01), Johnson
patent: 383103 (1888-05-01), Cook
patent: 2418734 (1947-04-01), Steffes
patent: 2710442 (1955-06-01), Ranous
patent: 3785021 (1974-01-01), Norgren
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