Ships – Displacement-type hull
Patent
1990-01-24
1993-04-06
Basinger, Sherman
Ships
Displacement-type hull
114291, B63B 120
Patent
active
051993660
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a fast watercraft with a central body having chine-type frames, the V-shaped bottom frames of which become flatter from the fore part towards the stern.
It is already known (DE-PS 687 340) to form the foreship of a watercraft as a displacement body in the quiet state and to arrange a planing surface, at the stern, wholly in the flow which is influenced by the displacement body during travel, in such a way that the planing surface can no longer be affected by direct motion of the sea. The displacement body which is kept as narrow as possible and which only supplies a small part of the buoyancy during travel is thus a wave damper and a flow guiding device. The planing surface, which is kept as broad as possible and needs only a slight keel is the main carrying element.
Planing watercraft are also generally known. The increase in the speeds that are demanded and thus of the machine power which has to be accommodated has, on the one hand, led to great problems of the drive systems in customary boat forms which are difficult to solve, and, on the other hand, to the development of new propulsion systems with the customary forms no longer being suitable for the accommodation and ideal hydrodynamic use of new propulsion systems.
The invention is based on the object of providing a fast watercraft of the initially named kind which, on the one hand, has the advantages of a planing craft but which simultaneously makes possible the ideal use of modern propulsion systems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In order to satisfy this object the invention provides that two mutually symmetrical lateral annexes which likewise have chine-type frames are arranged on the central body in the middle region to the stern region, with the bottom frames of the lateral annexes having the same inclination or a smaller inclination relative to the horizontal than the bottom frames in the same vertical frame plane.
As a result of the invention the large supporting surface in the planing state is achieved which is necessary to attain the high speeds which are aimed at. Moreover, the high required drive powers lead to a concentration of weight in the rear part of the ship or hull, with a large dynamic buoyancy being necessary to achieve the planing state in order to overcome the static weight, which likewise assumes a large planing surface.
The invention is distinguished from the delta shapes used to broaden the stern by the fact that the hydrodynamic disadvantages associated herewith do not occur. These disadvantages lie in the fact that sufficient buoyancy is no longer produced, in particular in the outer zones of the triangular region, i.e. in the zone within the chine in the frames, and that pronounced eddies arise and thus the danger is present o unstable behaviour at high speeds and with the sea in motion.
In place of this, in accordance with the present invention, the enlargement of the buoyancy surface is achieved by the sensibly balanced addition of two lateral annexes which structurally form a unit with the central body. In this way it is possible, on the one hand, to keep the width of the watercraft within limits and, on the other hand, the outwardly disposed zones can be much better used, through the shaping of the lateral annexes to generate the necessary dynamic buoyancy.
In particular the design of the bottom shape of the lateral annexes enables a gradual transition from a rise angle which corresponds substantially to that of the central body to a rise angle of 0.degree., i.e. to bottom end surfaces of the lateral annexes which are arranged horizontally which in this manner deliver the maximum possible dynamic buoyancy and, moreover, avoid broadening which increases further towards the stern with the resulting hydrodynamic disadvantages and the presence of a still positive rise angle.
In the static floating state the presence of the lateral annexes already acts favourably on the trim of the watercraft as more volume is available in the stern region to support the motors and the dr
REFERENCES:
patent: 2544599 (1951-03-01), Keelen
patent: 2634698 (1953-04-01), Becker
patent: 3303809 (1967-02-01), Ross
patent: 3808999 (1974-05-01), Peterson
patent: 4909176 (1990-03-01), Kobayashi
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