Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g. – Directive – Including a radiometer
Patent
1988-05-13
1991-10-01
Blum, Theodore M.
Communications: directive radio wave systems and devices (e.g.,
Directive
Including a radiometer
343DIG2, G01S 302
Patent
active
050537814
ABSTRACT:
The present invention is a microwave radiometer for passive microwave remote sensing of the earth's surface. This microwave radiometer is formed as a cross array including a vertical linear array pointed toward nadir and a perpendicular horizontal linear array. A beamformer is coupled to each array for forming a plurality of adjacent fan beams. A plurality of cross correlators produce overlap beams from the overlap of each pair of vertical and horizontal-array fan beams. This arrangement receives microwave energy from the earth at a constant incidence angle, a feature useful in passive microwave sensing. This microwave radiometer provides acceptable radiometric sensitivity and a spatial resolution while requiring less collecting area and thus much less mass than a dish antenna with the equivalent spatial resolution and needing no moving parts. An alternative embodiment of the present invention includes two horizontal arrays and a beamformer simultaneously forming multiple pencil beams each having a constant incidence angle on the earth.
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Blum Theodore M.
Environmental research Institute of Michigan
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