Expansible chamber devices – With removal conduit for liquid seepage from expansible chamber
Patent
1996-09-05
1998-06-16
Denion, Thomas E.
Expansible chamber devices
With removal conduit for liquid seepage from expansible chamber
921691, 921692, 921711, 100245, F01B 3100
Patent
active
057654654
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-pressure press for high-pressure treatment of substances, for example foodstuffs, pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations, comprising a high-pressure cylinder consisting of a number of concentrically arranged cylinder elements which are radially prestressed to a predetermined prestress and which surround a high-pressure chamber for taking up a pressurized medium. The invention also relates to a method for high-pressure treatment of substances.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For some time now, high-pressure treatment has been used as a method for, inter alia, inactivating microorganisms and certain enzymes in foodstuffs and other provisions. The advantage of high-pressure treatment as compared with the more frequently used heat-treatment method is that the microorganisms and the degrading enzymes in the foodstuff are killed Without destroying vitamins and flavouring. During heat-treatment, on the other hand, the taste and the vitamin contents are changed, which requires additives in order to restore, as far as possible, the nutritive value and taste of the substance.
During high-pressure treatment of, for example, provisions, a high-pressure press is used. According to the state of the art, this consists of a number of concentrically arranged cylinder elements. The individual cylinder elements may be cylindrical or conical, thus together and concentrically arranged forming the high-pressure cylinder. The first outer cylinder element is usually of high-tensile steel and may be prestressed by means of a plurality of layers of steel wire wound around the cylinder element. Further, one or more second cylinder elements and an inner liner are pressed concentrically into the outer cylinder element. Also these second cylinder elements and the liner are radially prestressed to a predetermined prestress.
Further, the inner liner together with one or two end members and a high-pressure piston projecting into the inner liner delimit a high-pressure chamber. During high-pressure treatment of substances, the substance is moved into the high-pressure chamber, whereupon the high pressure is applied by pushing the high-pressure piston into the high-pressure chamber. In this connection, the high-pressure piston may either act directly on the substance, or on another pressure medium which transmits the pressure to the substance. The substance is then usually enclosed in a flexible package inside the high-pressure chamber.
A decisive factor for obtaining a good result during the high-pressure treatment is that a sufficiently high pressure is applied. During treatment of provisions, the pressure is usually set at around 1,000-15,000 bar. At these high pressures, the inner liner is subjected to very great stresses. Although the inner liner, when being mounted, has the highest possible surface fineness, cracks occur which may perhaps not be detectable. Although the inner liner has full radial prestress, these cracks will expand under the influence of the high pressure and the cyclic pressure variations. After a certain time in operation, some cracks will reach a critical crack length, causing the inner liner to crack momentarily along a substantially radial plane and to be divided into two parts.
Since liner failure of the above-mentioned kind unavoidably arises after some time in operation, the inner liner is usually made as a replaceable wear liner. To avoid liner failure, the wear liner is regularly replaced well in advance of the estimated service life. This means that the liners cannot be used for their full actual life. Since the liners are expensive, this, of course, means an economic disadvantage. Further, each liner replacement constitutes a time-consuming and costly process. The more often this process has to be carried out, the higher, of course, will be the total cost of the high-pressure treatment.
Although the wear liner is replaced for preventive purposes, it has, in addition, proved that about 10% of the wear liners arc subjected to breakdowns within
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Bergman Carl
Gardin Mats
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Denion Thomas E.
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