Boring or penetrating the earth – With below-ground tool drive prime mover – Below-ground storage of motivating energy
Patent
1992-05-06
1993-09-21
Britts, Ramon S.
Boring or penetrating the earth
With below-ground tool drive prime mover
Below-ground storage of motivating energy
175107, 175324, E21B 402
Patent
active
052460800
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a pressure converter for mounting above the drill bit at the lower end of a drill pipe for deep drilling, in particular for oil and gas, for the purpose of generating an increased fluid pressure by utilizing energy in a drill fluid flow downwards through the drill pipe.
DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART
Various proposals are previously known for such utilization of the drill fluid flow, in particular in order to obtain an enhanced or more efficient drill operation. An example of such known techniques is to be found in the international patent application, PCT/EP82/00147. This example relates to the employment of an impact effect brought about with the drill fluid flow as a source of energy, so as to enhance the drilling action.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Of particular interest to the present invention is the employment of one or more high pressure jets adapted to make the drilling more effective by providing a cutting action in a surrounding rock formation, which is previously known per se. The invention, however, is directed to a novel design of a pressure converter for generating the required high fluid pressure.
What is novel and specific to the pressure converter according to the invention in the first place, consists therein that drive means is adapted to be driven by the drill fluid flow and to move valve means controlling piston means for reciprocating movement with a pressure stroke and a return stroke, said piston means having at one side a relatively large piston area adapted to be subjected to the drill fluid pressure in the drill pipe during the pressure stroke, and having at the other side a first, opposite piston area which both during the pressure stroke and the return stroke is subjected to the return pressure in the drill fluid flow upwards outside the drill pipe, and a second, opposite and relatively small piston area which during the pressure stroke is adapted to provide an increased pressure in a smaller proportion of the drill fluid flow, whereby a check valve provides for discharge of this smaller proportion of the flow to a header channel leading forwards to the drill bit, whereas the large piston area during the return stroke is adapted to be subjected to the return pressure outside the drill pipe and the small piston area to the pressure in the drill pipe.
As a typical example it may be mentioned that the pressure in the drill fluid flow which is employed, can be about 200-300 bar, whereas the smaller flow which is converted can obtain an increased pressure of for example 1500-2000 bar. (When here and in the following description examples of figures referred to pressure magnitudes are given, these are in the principle relative magnitudes, i.e. pressure differences, since the static pressure determined by the depth concerned has been neglected.) The resulting high pressure fluid is led to nozzles in the drill bit, from which it is emitted in the form of powerful jets being able to cut into the surrounding rock and thereby release stresses in underlying masses. This facilitates the drilling operation and speeds up the drilling.
In the new pressure converter described here it may be an advantage to provide a spring for assisting at least initially during the return stroke, preferably a compression spring which acts against the first, opposite piston area.
Moreover, the piston member can be freely movable in its axial direction under the influence of the drill fluid and spring pressures mentioned, and besides the reciprocating movement of the piston preferably takes place in the longitudinal direction of the drill pipe.
In most applications it is preferred, according to the invention, that the header channel for the high pressure flow is arranged to be through-going from one to the opposite end of the pressure converter, in order to make possible a coupling to similar pressure converter units at both ends, so that there is formed a common header channel for several pressure converter units constituting a group, for example consisting o
REFERENCES:
patent: 3112800 (1963-12-01), Bobo
patent: 3897836 (1975-08-01), Hall et al.
patent: 4047581 (1977-09-01), Erickson
patent: 4187061 (1980-02-01), Jurgens
patent: 4200158 (1980-04-01), Perkins
Horvei Kunt
Johnsen Idar G.
Britts Ramon S.
Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S.
Tsay Frank S.
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