Surgery – Instruments – Electrical application
Patent
1998-09-17
2000-11-28
Dvorak, Linda C. M.
Surgery
Instruments
Electrical application
600 49, A61B 1818
Patent
active
061529214
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a high-frequency electrode for a monopolar operating high-frequency instrument according to the generic part of claim 1.
Electrodes of this type are utilized, for example, in HF-resectoscopes for the treatment of prostate adenomatous tissue.
STATE OF THE ART
With conventional loop-shaped electrodes comprising a thin wire with a diameter of typical up to 1 mm or a corresponding flat material, incision and surface coagulation effects utilized for stanching the blood of cut blood vessels occur depending on the type of current--cutting mode, coagulation mode, spray coagulation mode--of the employed high-frequency generator. In practice, a useable vaporization effect practically does not occur.
Furthermore, the kind of current influences the "processing result": dependent on the applied "current", in addition to the cutting effect, surface coagulation is generated which permits stanching the bleeding of blood vessels running near the surface.
Large area ball or roller electrodes to which "coagulation current" is applied usually are used only for large-area stanching of blood as the final step of the surgical procedure.
As an alternative for high-frequency tissue removal, lasers can be employed for tissue ablation. Lasers suited for this purpose are substantially more expensive than high-frequency generators, therefore attempts have been made to find ways to also be able to remove adinomatous tissue as bloodlessly as possible using high-frequency electrodes.
A number of authors have suggested using conventional monopolar electrodes with a cylindrical roll. Reference is made to U.S. Pat. No. 5,395,363, on which the wording of the generic part of claim 1 is based, only as an example.
The surface of the cylindrical roll can be designed in a variety of ways: rolls with smooth surfaces, with grooved surfaces or with pointed surfaces are known.
However, using high-frequency electrodes with rolls has the drawback that, for one the relatively large roll impedes the surgeon's vision. Secondly, it is only possible in practice to vaporize the tissue with such type rolls by supplying higher high-frequency power, efficiency being unsatisfactory. This means the patient is not only exposed to very high current flow respectively high energy, which involves high potential risk, for considerable time, but also the narcosis time is distinctly longer than in other surgical techniques.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency electrode for a monopolar-operating high-frequency instrument with which surgery time is shortened by vaporizing as well as cutting the tissue.
An invented solution to this object is described in claim 1. Further improvements of the present invention are the subject matter of claim 2 and the following claims.
An element of the present invention is that it was recognized that it is possible to vaporize as well as cut with an electrode, possessing basically the contour of a known loop, if this electrode is provided with a central section which has a longitudinal extension, i.e. an extension in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the lead respectively leads of at least 2 mm and not more than 6 mm. The stirrups joining the central section and the lead respectively leads, comprise in an as such known manner a wire material having a substantially smaller longitudinal extension, which according to claim 3 is not more than 1.5 mm preferably not more than 1 mm.
Conventional loops, on the other hand, are made of materials of the same dimensions, in particular of wire materials, with the longitudinal extension respectively the diameter of the wire being typically 1 mm.
The invented electrode permits simultaneous "bloodless" cutting and vaporizing of the tissue. On the basis of the inventive embodiment of the central section of the loop high-frequency current flows into the tissue in a large surface nonetheless confined manner and effects a coagulation and vaporization procedure during the cutting procedure!
REFERENCES:
patent: 5549605 (1996-08-01), Hahnen
patent: 5569244 (1996-10-01), Hahnen
patent: 5582610 (1996-12-01), Grossi et al.
patent: 5782829 (1998-07-01), Swiantek et al.
Dvorak Linda C. M.
Gibson Roy
Karl Storz GmbH & Co. KG
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