Superconductor technology: apparatus – material – process – High temperature devices – systems – apparatus – com- ponents,... – High frequency waveguides – resonators – electrical networks,...
Patent
1996-12-17
2000-01-18
Lee, Benny T.
Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
High temperature devices, systems, apparatus, com- ponents,...
High frequency waveguides, resonators, electrical networks,...
505700, 505701, 505866, 333219, 333235, 333 99S, H01P 708
Patent
active
060164344
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a high-frequency circuit element that basically comprises a resonator, such as a filter or a channel combiner, used for a high-frequency signal processor in communication systems, etc.
BACKGROUND ART
A high-frequency circuit element that basically comprises a resonator, such as a filter or a channel combiner, is an essential component in high-frequency communication systems. Especially, a filter that has a narrow band is required in mobile communication systems, etc. for the effective use of a frequency band. Also, a filter that has a narrow band, low loss, and small size and can withstand large power is highly desired in base stations in mobile communication and communication satellites.
The main examples of high-frequency circuit elements such as resonator filters presently used are those using a dielectric resonator, those using a transmission line structure, and those using a surface accoustic wave element. Among them, those using a transmission line structure are small and can be applied to wavelengths as low as microwaves or milliwaves. Furthermore, they have a two-dimensional structure formed on a substrate and can be easily combined with other circuits or elements, and therefore they are widely used. Conventionally, a half-wavelength resonator with a transmission line is most widely used as this type of resonator. Also, by coupling a plurality of these half-wavelength resonators, a high-frequency circuit element such as a filter is formed. (Laid-open Japanese Patent Applicant No. (Tokkai hei) 5-267908)
However, in a resonator that has a transmission line structure, such as a half-wavelength resonator, high-frequency current is concentrated in a part in a conductor. Therefore, loss due to conductor resistance is relatively large, resulting in degradation in Q value in the resonator, and also an increase in loss when a filter is formed. Also, when using a half-wavelength resonator that has a commonly used microstrip line structure, the effect of loss due to radiation from a circuit to space is a problem.
These effects are more significant in a smaller structure or at high operating frequencies. A dielectric resonator is used as a resonator that has relatively small loss and is excellent in withstanding high power. However, the dielectric resonator has a solid structure and large size, which are problems in implementing a smaller high-frequency circuit element.
Also, by using a superconductor that has a direct current resistance of zero as a conductor of a high-frequency circuit element using a transmission line structure, lower loss and an improvement in high frequency characteristics in a high-frequency circuit can be achieved. An extremely low temperature environment of about 10 degrees Kelvin was required for a conventional metal type superconductor. However, the discovery of a high-temperature oxide superconductor has made it possible to utilize the superconducting phenomena at relatively high temperatures (about 77 degrees Kelvin). Therefore, an element that has a transmission line structure and uses the high-temperature superconducting materials has been examined. However, in the above elements that have conventional structures, superconductivity is lost due to excessive concentration of current, and therefore it is difficult to use a signal having large power.
Thus, the inventors have implemented a small transmission line type high-frequency circuit element that has small loss due to conductor resistance and a high Q value, by using a resonator that is formed of a conductor disposed on a substrate and has two dipole modes orthogonally polarizing without degeneration as resonant modes.
Here, "two dipole modes orthogonally polarizing without degeneration" will be explained. In a common disk type resonator, a resonant mode in which positive and negative charges are distributed separately in the periphery of the disk is called a "dipole mode" and therefore is similarly called herein. When considering a two-dimensional shape, any dipole mode is r
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Curtis, J.A. et al; "Dual Mode Microstrip Filters"; Applied Microwave; Fall 1991; pp. 86-93.
Yashuhiro Nagai et al., "Properties of Disk Resonators and End-Coupled Disk Filters with Superconducting Films", Japanese Journal of Applied Phusics, vol. 32, No. 12A (Dec. 1993), pp. 5527-5531.
Enokihara Akira
Higashino Hidetaka
Mizuno Koichi
Setsune Kentaro
Lee Benny T.
Matsushita Electric - Industrial Co., Ltd.
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