Plant protecting and regulating compositions – Plant growth regulating compositions – Plural active ingredients
Patent
1995-08-04
1997-10-07
Pak, John
Plant protecting and regulating compositions
Plant growth regulating compositions
Plural active ingredients
504129, 504131, 504132, 504133, 504134, 504135, 504136, 504137, 504138, 504139, 504140, 504141, 504142, 504143, 504144, 504145, 504146, 504147, 504148, 504149, A01N 4340, A01N 4348, A01N 4364, A01N 4730
Patent
active
056748078
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP93/02737, filed on Oct. 5, 1993.
The present invention relates to an improvement in the efficacy of aryloxypicolinamide herbicides by combination with a selected second herbicidal compound.
Aryloxypicolinamides are a novel group of compounds, claimed in Applicants' European Patent No. 447004, which show excellent herbicidal activity, in particular against broad leaf weeds in cereal crops. However, the aryloxypicolinamides when used as the sole active ingredient do not always achieve effective control of the full spectrum of weed species encountered in commercial agronomic practice, in conjunction with reliable selectivity for the crop species. Such gaps in the spectrum of control can often be remedied by co-treatment with another herbicide known to be effective against the relevant weed species. In the course of their investigations into the efficacy of various partners for aryloxypicolinamides, Applicants have found that selected combinations produce not merely the expected, additive effect, but exhibit a significant synergistic effect (i.e. these combinations show a much higher level of activity than predicted from that of the individual compounds) which enables a greater selectivity for the crop species.
A mixture of herbicides shows a synergistic effect if the herbicidal activity of the mixture is larger than sum of activities of the separately applied compounds. The expected herbicidal activity for a given mixture of two herbicides can be calculated as follows: (comp. Colby, S. R., "Calculating synergistic and antagonistic response of herbicide combinations", Weeds 15, pp 20-22 (1967)): ##EQU1## Wherein X is the percentage of growth inhibition upon treatment with a herbicide 1 at a dosage of p kg/ha compared with an untreated control (X.dbd.0%) at a dosage of q kg/ha compared with an untreated control inhibition compared with untreated control) with a combination of herbicide 1 and 2 at a dosage of p+q g/ha control (WE), the mixture shows a synergistic effect.
Thus, the combinations of the present invention not only achieve control of certain weed species which are difficult to combat effectively with aryloxypicolinamides alone, in particular grass weeds such as Alopecurus myosuroides; Apera spica-venti; and Echinocloa crus-galli, but also show significant synergistic increase in the level of activity against those weeds and also many broad-leaved weeds. This combination of advantages yields important benefits in practical agronomic applications. Firstly, it provides treatment for cereal crops which will control the majority of the significant weed species; secondly it enables that effective control to be attained with lower application rates of active material--with consequential environmental benefits and also greater selectivity of action in favour of the crop species.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a herbicidal composition comprising a herbicidally acceptable carrier and/or surface active agent together with, as active ingredient, a mixture of: ##STR1## in which Z represents an oxygen or sulphur atom; group; optionally substituted alkyl or alkoxy group, preferably a haloalkyl group, or an alkenyloxy, cyano, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, (alkylthio)carbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, amido, alkylamido, nitro, alkylthio, haloalkylthio, alkenylthio, alkynylthio, alkylsulphinyl, alkylsulphonyl, alkyloximinoalkyl or alkenyloximinoalkyl group; nitro, cyano, haloalkyl, alkoxy or haloalkoxy group; or neburon; MCPA or mecoprop (CMPP).
The pattern of persistence of the aryloxypicolinamide (abbreviated herein as "AOP") is such that the combined treatment of the present invention can be attained either by the application of a prepared mixture as defined above, or by time separated application of separate formulations. Hence, in another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for controlling the growth of weeds at a cereal crop locus which comprises applying to the locus an AOP as defined in above, and a second component which is selected from those listed above.
The
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American Cyanamid Company
Hill Gregory M.
Pak John
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