Plant protecting and regulating compositions – Plant growth regulating compositions – Organic active compound containing
Patent
1996-11-19
1999-03-30
Clardy, S. Mark
Plant protecting and regulating compositions
Plant growth regulating compositions
Organic active compound containing
A01N 2530, A01N 5702
Patent
active
058889345
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a herbicidal composition and in particular to a glyphosate composition.
The term "glyphosate composition" is used herein to mean a herbicidal composition comprising as active ingredient N-phosphonomethylglycine or a herbicidally acceptable salt thereof.
Herbicidally active glyphosate compositions are well known and are commercially available in the form of the trimethylsulphonium, isopropylamine and other salts. Such compositions are generally applied to unwanted vegetation in the form of an aqueous formulation containing a variety of adjuvants including for example wetters or other surface-active agents, anti-freeze agents, dyes, dispersants, Theological agents, anti-foam agents and humectants. The activity of the glyphosate composition may be improved considerably by the careful choice of additives. The literature contains many hundreds of examples of different glyphosate formulations exhibiting a variety of properties and designed for a variety of purposes.
In EP 0531269 for example there is disclosed a herbicidal composition comprising glyphosate or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof and an acetylenic diol surfactant structurally characterized by a symmetrically substitued triple bond and adjacent hydroxyl groups or adjacent polymeric oxalkylated units, and optionally a second surfactant.
In EP 0526443 there is disclosed a compostion comprising a glyphosate herbicide, and activity ehnhancing alkylpolyglycoside and a foam moderating acetylenic diol.
Glyphosate compositions are very effective in killing unwanted weeds to which they are applied. However the uptake of the glyphosate composition by the plant leaf surface is relatively slow. In consequence the composition may be washed off the leaf surface and the herbicidal effectiveness may be reduced or even lost if rain falls shortly after application of the composition (for example within 6 hours of application). This is a particular problem for example in tropical climates in which it is difficult to predict the occurrence of heavy rain showers. Glyphosate compositions have been produced which are.claimed to give improved rainfastness, but the topic is poorly understood and the physical parameters involved are highly complex and may vary from species to species. It may for example be appropriate to provide a composition which generally improves rainfastness for most species but is relatively ineffective on particular individual species. One approach which has been studied is to seek to improve the rate of uptake of the glyphosate composition into the leaf surface with a view to minimising the susceptibility to rain. Such improved uptake is often only achieved however at the expense of localised tissue damage and reduced translocation. It is clearly important that improved rainfastness is not associated with a significant reduction in herbicidal activity in the absence of rain. It is therefore desired to provide a glyphosate composition combining good activity in the absence of rain with effective rainfastness.
The present invention seeks to provide herbicidally effective compositions having improved rainfastness, by which is meant that compositions of the present invention generally reduce the overall loss in herbicidal effectiveness resulting from a fall of rain within for example from 1 to 6 hours after application of the composition. Compositions of the present invention may also show enhanced activity as compared with known glyphosate compositions and advantage as compared with known compositions may be found in either one or in both of these effects.
According to the present invention there is provided a glyphosate composition comprising (i) N-phosphonomethylglycine or an agriculturally acceptable salt thereof, (ii) a alkylpolyglycoside surfactant and (iii) an ethoxylated alcohol wherein the ethoxylated alcohol is obtained by ethoxylation of a linear or branched chain aliphatic mono alcohol having a chain length of from 8 to 20 carbon atoms and has a mean degree of ethoxylation of from 2 to 50 moles of ethylene oxi
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Sherrick et al., Weed Science, Nov. 1986, Issue 6, V. 34:817-823, "Absorption and Translocation of MON 0818 Adjuvant in Field Bindweed (Convolvulvus arvensis)".
Green & Green, Weed Technology, Jul.-Sep. 1993, V. 7:633-640, "Surfactant Structure and Concentration Strongly Affect Rimsulfuron Activity".
Smith et al., Wed Res., 1966, V. 6:233-242, "Structure-Activity Relationships ofAlkyl-phenol Ethylene Oxide Ether Non-Ionic Surfactants and Three Water-Soluble Herbicides".
Knoche & Bukovac, Weed Science, Jan.-Mar. 1993, Issue 1, V. 41:87-93, "Interaction of Surfactant and Leaf Surface in Glyphosate Absorption".
Gaskin & Holloway, Pesticide Science, 1992, V. 34:195-206, "Some Physicochemical Factors Influencing Foliar Uptake Enhancement of Glyphosatemono (isopropyl-ammonium) by Polyoxyethylene Surfactants".
Bean Michael John
Hart Clifford Arthur
Osborn Martin Keith
Townson Jane Karen
Clardy S. Mark
LeCroy David P.
Thomson Marian T.
Zeneca Limited
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