Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form
Patent
1989-07-12
1992-01-07
Seidleck, James J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
424486, 514533, 435 2, A01N 100
Patent
active
050790021
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Technical Field
This invention relates to a hemolysis depressant and a plasticizer. More particularly, this invention relates to a hemolysis depressant exhibiting extremely high safety and permitting highly effective control of the phenomenon of hemolysis which possibly occurs in blood while in storage and to a resin composition for medical appliances, medical implements and blood preserving liquids which make use of the hemolysis depressant, to a plasticizer exhibiting no toxicity and possessing highly desirable compatibility with vinyl chloride type resins and to vinyl chloride type resin composition for medical appliances and medical implements which make use of the plasticizer. Background Art:
When blood flows out of the blood vessel, it begins to show a visible sign of coagulation within 10 to 20 minutes' exposure to the ambience. The clot which is formed by the coagulation is the final product of a series of chemical reactions which proceed during the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. The fibrin are interconnected and, during the course of the interconnection, erythrocytes are entrapped in the clot. In order for the blood for transfusion to retain its original liquid state, therefore, a measure to preclude the normal reactions responsible for the hemal coagulation must be taken during the extraction of the blood from a donor. Heretofore, the practice of adding a liquid anticoagulant as a blood preserving liquid to the freshly extracted blood has been in vogue. The liquid anticoagulant which is in popular use nowadays is intended to effect the preclusion of the hemal coagulation by chelating the calcium ion which constitutes an important factor during the course of coagulation.
Incidentally, the blood for transfusion secured as described above is treated, when necessary, for separation of some of the components thereof and then is placed as in a blood bag, for example, to be preserved until use. When whole blood or a blood component such as concentrated red cells (CRC) is preserved for a long time, there ensues the so-called hemolysis, i.e. a phenomenon which involves external liberation of hemoglobin from the erythrocyte. As main causes for the hemolysis, there can be cited the change in the pressure of osmosis due to a difference in the ion composition in the blood, the difference in the pressure of colloidal osmosis due to such proteinaceous components as hemoglobin, the change in membrane proteins and lipids of erythrocytes, the hindrance to the active transport of Na.sup.+ and K.sup.+ and the actions of medicines and poisons. The most important factor consists in the liquid anticoagulant to be used. Thus, numerous efforts have been devoted to improve the liquid anticoagulants. All the liquid anticoagulants currently in use are claimed to produce an anticoagulant action and an action for protection of erythrocytes as well. In the liquid anticoagulants of this type, however, the function as a protector for erythrocytes has not yet reached a point where it deserves to be called sufficient.
It is likewise important that the container such as the blood bag for preserving the collected blood should be inactive to blood components. In the blood containers and other similar medical implements which are currently in use, those made of flexible vinyl chloride resin are predominant. The di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DOP) which is contained as a plasticizer in the flexible vinyl chloride resin for such medical implements possesses a large capacity for migration. It is known that when the flexible vinyl chloride resin is exposed to blood, the di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate exudes from the container wall and dissolves into the blood (The Japanese Journal of Medical Instrumentation, 54, 221 (1984)). It has been reported that this di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate hinders the aggregating ability of platelets (Journal of Japan Society of Blood Transfusion, 28(3) 282 (1981)). When the preserving container made of such flexible vinyl chloride resin as described above is used to preserve blood, f
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Brewster & McEwen, Organic Chemistry 3rd Edition, pp. 251-252.
Kimura Akio
Kubota Yoshinori
Nagai Hirofumi
Tamura Youko
Kao Corporation
Seidleck James J.
Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha
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