Furnaces – Straw burner and feeder
Patent
1986-05-01
1988-03-22
Favors, Edward G.
Furnaces
Straw burner and feeder
110234, 110259, F23B 128, F23B 138
Patent
active
047320907
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
Heating furnace, with a fuel supplying opening located in a vertical plane, which serves to recover heat from straw, paper and like combustible material supplied in the form of highly compressed bales which are subjected to a continuous advancing force, and wherein a bale abutment is provided in the combustion chamber in conjunction with a device which penetrates into the bale and serves to loosen that quantity of fuel which is supplied for combustion and corresponds to the quantity of heat to be generated.
Heretofore, recovery of heat from straw has remained economically insignificant due to difficulties which are associated with the combustion of straw in heating plants. The high content of volatile constituents is especially problematic in connection with the combustion of straw. Reference is being had to those constituents which are released, with the exclusion of oxygen, as a result of heating above 300.degree. C. but are combusted only above 600.degree. C.
With 65% of air-dried substance, straw exhibits the absolute maximum share of such substance, and this is also the greatest problem in connection with the combustion of such fuel. In an oven construction wherein the entire introduced fuel comes to a glow within a short period of time, i.e., simultaneously, 80% of combustible substances are released in the form of gas within a few minutes after the temperature exceeds 300.degree. C. Due to necessary limitations of the output of the furnace in the partial load range, either the combustion is incomplete with attendant unsatisfactory efficiency and high emission values as concerns dust, soot and tar, or the combustion chamber can be filled at any given time with straw only to a small fraction of its capacity, and the straw must be replaced immediately upon combustion of the small quantity corresponding to the desired partial output. However, a continuous combustion such a manner is not possible.
The object underlying the invention is to provide a heating furnace with arrangements for automatic regulation of heat requirements from full load to partial loads while maintaining optimal combustion conditions with an optimal formation of flames and the combustion of all combustible substances. As a result of separation of fly ash within the furnace, the emission values should not exceed the prescribed limit values. Furthermore, it should be possible not only to utilize the heat of the volatile gaseous constituents but also that of the solid residues up to their complete combustion.
The solution in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the highly compressed bales which are to be supplied to the combustion chamber are surrounnded by channel walls within the furnace. Such walls end ahead of the combustion chamber, i.e., they extend to the combustion chamber which is preferably disposed in the interior of a chamber serving to insulate the flames from the water jacket of the furnace.
The length of the channel for compressed bales is determined by the interval of time which is required for complete drying of the fuel and for the generation of carbonization gases. In order to ensure an optimum formation of the flames, the combustion chamber discharges into a flame channel which is disposed above the bale channel and extends substantially along the full length of the heating furnace. At the end of the flame channel, waste gases can first be deflected into an upper flue, which occupies the upper part of the space within the furnace, to be introduced into two additional flues after having passed through the upper flue. The additional flues are disposed at both sides of the bale channel and are thus located at a level below the upper flue. Due to the fact that their cross-sectional areas increase relative to the flame duct, the flues constitute quieting-down zones to thus effect total combustion.
In accordance with a further advantageous development of the subject matter of the invention, it is proposed to make the bale abutment as a circumferentially complete ring whose side facing the compressed bale
REFERENCES:
patent: Re29502 (1977-12-01), Jarunko et al.
patent: 2742881 (1956-04-01), Rideout et al.
patent: 4102279 (1978-07-01), Groschl et al.
patent: 4598648 (1986-07-01), D'Angelo
Bollmann, Jr. Heinrich
Bollmann, Sr. Heinrich
Favors Edward G.
Kontler Peter K.
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