Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Wall – ceiling – floor – or roof designed for ventilation or... – With the vent or drain entirely along at least one...
Patent
1997-01-30
1998-09-01
Kent, Christopher
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Wall, ceiling, floor, or roof designed for ventilation or...
With the vent or drain entirely along at least one...
165 56, 454271, E04B 170
Patent
active
057994544
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention concerns a heat insulating outer wall for a building.
The outer walls in buildings shall function as parts of a climatic shell of the building, and furthermore in certain cases they shall also have a load-supporting function. In recent years the heat insulating capacity has had a continuously increasing importance, and an increase of the heat insulating capacity has taken place through an increase in the thickness of the insulating layer in the wall. This method can, however, not always be used, especially when it concerns internal supplementary insulation in existing buildings, as the humidity and heat balance in the wall can be impaired, and furthermore, the increase in the thickness of the wall causes the floor area to be reduced.
It has earlier been suggested that in order to counteract heat transmission through the walls, a stream of air should be routed in from outside through the walls, so-called dynamic insulation.
An outer wall of the type mentioned in the introduction is described in our earlier patent application PCT/SE93/00569. Such a wall fulfills its function in a perfectly satisfactory manner under most conditions. It has, however, become apparent that such a wall does not function in a completely satisfactory manner at low outside temperatures in the region of -15.degree. to -30.degree. C.
The object of the invention is to achieve a heat insulating outer wall, which has a completely satisfactory function even at very low outside temperatures without any deterioration in its characteristics in other temperature regions. In that connection the intention is that the wall according to the invention shall have very good insulating characteristics at the same time as it is used for ventilation of the interior of the building as well as for filtering and preheating of the air passing through, so that the ventilation air flowing into the building is brought to a proper temperature and is free from particles which can be harmful, for example for people with allergies. This is achieved by the wall being designed with the distinctive features which are mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.
The invention will now be described more closely with reference to the attached drawings, which show different embodiments of the wall according to the invention, and in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic, vertical cross-section through a wall according to a first embodiment of the invention, intended for new buildings,
FIG. 2 shows a schematic, vertical cross-section through a wall according to a second embodiment of the invention, intended for use with internal supplementary insulation in existing buildings,
FIG. 3 is a partially sectioned perspective view of the wall according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 4 shows a horizontal cross-section through the wall according to FIGS. 1 and 3,
FIG. 5 shows a schematic section through a flow-regulating means for use in an outer wall according to the invention, and
FIG. 6 is a schematic section through the lower part of the wall according to claim 1 and shows the positioning of the two flow-regulating means according to FIG. 5.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through an outer wall 1, which is intended for a building, of which for the rest only parts of two structural floors 2 are shown. The outer wall 1 comprises an outer cladding layer 3, which forms the exterior of the wall and in FIG. 1 is shown as a brick wall. The outer cladding layer 3 can, however, alternatively be made of other suitable materials, such as concrete, different sorts of sheeting or wood paneling. The outer cladding layer 3 is furthermore equipped with at least one inlet opening 4, which can be equipped with a grating or an insect net (not shown).
On the innermost side of the outer cladding layer 3 is an outer air gap 5, which covers substantially the whole surface of the outer wall 1. On the innermost side of the outer air gap 5 is an insulating layer 6, which forms the principal insulation in outer wall 1 and preferably is made from mineral wool. On the innermost side of the insulation layer 6 is
Andersson Kurt Allan
Carlsson Tage
Horton-Richardson Yvonne
Kent Christopher
Skanska Teknik AB
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