Stoves and furnaces – Tool having fluid fuel burner – Curling iron
Patent
1987-07-22
1991-04-09
Yeung, James C.
Stoves and furnaces
Tool having fluid fuel burner
Curling iron
126430, 126446, 126450, 52171, 52304, 52790, 428 34, F24J 302
Patent
active
050055577
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a heat-insulating building and/or light element consisting of at least two wall elements having support elements therebetween running at least approximately parallel, and forming an evacuable space by means of a tight connection in the edge area.
For decades in buildings after the storm window the double and triple glazed window has proved reliable, which in the course of time was able to be improved by other measures, such as vapor deposition with an infrared reflecting layer and filling with inert gases with respect to the insulating action to an overall coefficient of heat transfer of 1.3 W./m.sup.2 K. In comparison with well insulated building outside walls this value is still unsatisfactory.
Even lower overall coefficients of heat transfer (1.0 W./m.sup.2 K.) are attained with insulated glass windows, which have coated transparent films reflecting infrared rays stretched between the panes. The films cause convection, i.e., heat transfer by the moving air, to be greatly impeded. To avoid breaking of the glass, the high pressure forming between the panes during heating must be able to escape from the sealed hollow space of windows up to 100 mm thick. An additionally provided filter causes the new incoming air to be dehumified to preclude fogging of the panes in the hollow space of the window. This design allows a favorable overall coefficient of heat transfer, but as a result of the many reflecting layers impairs the light transmission of the window. In addition, it is bulky and expensive.
Even far better overall coefficients of heat transfer can be attained by vacuum-insulated light elements, since with an increasing vacuum in a hollow space the air convection and subsequent heat conduction are greatly reduced. Besides, glass is one of the most suitable materials which can maintain a vacuum for decades.
In addition, vacuum-insulated light elements achieve a positive heat balance in winter, since the outgoing heat energy loss in a window is smaller than the energy coming in by the light.
The advantage of an evacuated light element consists in the fact that sound cannot be propagated in a vacuum.
Also it is advantageous if no condensate forms in an evacuated hollow space.
In addition, an infrared reflecting layer, for example a silver vapor deposition, provides unmatched good protection from oxidation in a vacuum, and tarnishing is largely prevented.
Thus, it is an uncontested fact that a vacuum-insulated building and/or light element would offer great advantages in use.
However, the present knowledge has not been economically successful.
Thus, in German laid-open specification 25 20 062 a building element with a high insulating quality was made known, in which at least one of the two boundary surfaces, placed at a distance, is transparent or translucent and the boundary surfaces are braced opposite one another by support elements.
In the context of the reference disclosed here a building element is proposed, whose boundary surfaces are spaced a distance of several millimeters because of the cylindrical support elements to be mounted or the spherical support elements to be glued on. The statement that a smaller distance between the boundary surfaces produces a better insulating action is unfounded on the basis of data obtained and rests on assumptions which lack economic considerations and knowledge as well as practical embodiment features.
With such a solution the obvious special configuration of the bond on the edges of the building element made with a small distance between the boundary surfaces is not solved. Nor is a solution known which results in avoiding the visibility of the individual bracing elements, if, as mentioned, light tulle curtains or rain drops act considerably stronger and more irregularly.
European patent specification 0 047 725 discloses a heat-insulating window glass pane with a hollow space, which is exhausted to a gas pressure under 0.1 mbar and has more than ten thousand bridging webs per square meter between the glass panes placed at a distance of abou
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Jaskiewicz Edmund M.
Yeung James C.
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