Internal-combustion engines – Precombustion and main combustion chambers in series – Chamber temperature control means
Patent
1990-04-26
1991-06-25
Dolinar, Andrew M.
Internal-combustion engines
Precombustion and main combustion chambers in series
Chamber temperature control means
123 76, 123270, 123290, 123668, F02B 1904, F02B 2504
Patent
active
050257650
ABSTRACT:
A heat-insulated four-cycle engine includes a heat-insulated main combustion chamber, a prechamber having an ejection port communicating with the main combustion chamber and associated with an exhaust valve, a projection mounted on the piston head surface of a piston and movable into the ejection port in the vicinity of the top dead center, a recess defined in the piston head surface around the projection, and intake ports defined in the cylindrical wall of a cylinder which defines the main combustion chamber. Combustion gases produced as a result of combustion of fuel in the prechamber are held in the prechamber by the projection in a high-temperature condition for a certain period of time. Thereafter, as the piston is lowered from the top dead center, the combustion gases are discharged from the prechamber into the main combustion chamber, thus lowering the pressure in the prechamber. Therefore, the temperature in the prechamber is lowered, and the amount of NOx, HC, CO, and black smoke which are emitted is also reduced. Since the intake and exhaust ports are isolated from each other, the amount of heat transferred from the exhaust port to the intake port is small. As a result, the temperature of the region around the intake ports is not increased, and the intake efficiency is not lowered. Inasmuch as the engine has an adiabatic expansion stroke between exhaust and intake strokes, the temperature of the wall of the combustion chamber is lowered when the fuel is ignited, resulting in less knocking possibility.
REFERENCES:
patent: 2422364 (1947-06-01), Osborn
patent: 2658487 (1953-11-01), Basabe
patent: 3408995 (1968-11-01), Johnson
patent: 4236490 (1980-12-01), Correll
patent: 4511612 (1985-04-01), Huther et al.
patent: 4872433 (1989-10-01), Paul et al.
Dolinar Andrew M.
Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co. Ltd.
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