Metal working – Method of mechanical manufacture – Heat exchanger or boiler making
Reexamination Certificate
1999-05-17
2001-02-27
Leo, Leonard (Department: 3743)
Metal working
Method of mechanical manufacture
Heat exchanger or boiler making
C165S070000, C138S114000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06192583
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a heat exchanger tube for transferring heat from a flowing medium to another flowing medium, which tube is composed of a metal outer tube and a metal inner tube, whose facing surfaces are provided with substantially complementary profiles and rigidly abut against each other to form at least one longitudinal channel for leak detection extending between the outer tube and the inner tube. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such heat exchanger tube.
2. Background Art
Such heat exchanger tube is known from GB-A-2 109 913. The outer and inner tubes which together form the double-walled heat exchanger tube are fed as smooth tubes to a deforming apparatus, which initially reduces the tubes in diameter, with fins being formed on the outer tube. At the end of the deforming process, the parts of the outer tube located between the fins, together with corresponding parts of the inner tube, are pressed inwards, so that a corrugated, double-walled tube is created, with a leak-detection channel remaining each time between two inwardly pressed corrugated parts of the double-walled tube.
However, this heat exchanger tube does not guarantee that in the case of substantial temperature differences and fluctuations between the media on either side of the double-walled heat exchanger tube or in one of the media, the facial contact between the inner and the outer tube, which is to provide the desired, proper heat transfer, is maintained in the manner required. Tests have shown that as a consequence of the expansion and/or shrinking movements of the inner and/or outer tube, a slowly progressing splitting occurs between the two tubes, which gradually reduces the heat transfer capacity to a minimum.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to provide a heat exchanger tube of the type described in the opening paragraph, wherein the above problems no longer occur.
To that end, the heat exchanger tube according to the invention is characterized in that the profiles are in undercut engagement in such a manner that when the inner tube shrinks relative to the outer tube and/or the outer tube expands relative to the inner tube, the parts which are in undercut engagement are pulled against each other more firmly.
By virtue of the features of the invention, a heat exchanger tube is obtained which can be manufactured in a relatively simple and inexpensive manner and which, because of the facial contact which is yet intensified during temperature deformations, also remains functioning optimally during the occurrence of relatively substantial temperature fluctuations and alternations.
In this regard, a longitudinal channel can be formed by providing grooves on or in the profiles. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, longitudinal channels for leak detection can be provided in a particularly easy manner if at least the profile of the inner or outer tube has its free edge portion rounded or bevelled. In this manner, a number of circumferentially distributed longitudinal channels can be readily formed, which can be coupled in a known manner to leak detectors or sensors.
If, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the profiles of the outer and inner tubes, in cross section, have a continuously widening shape in the direction of the free end, the engaging surfaces of the outer and inner tubes can be brought into and held in a close and firm contact, which contact is additionally intensified during temperature fluctuations owing to wedge-like clamping action. Such construction can be realized in a relatively simple manner when the profiles of the outer and/or inner tube in cross section have the shape of an isosceles trapezium, so that, during shrinking of the inner tube and/or expansion of the outer tube, the profiles are pulled into firmer contact on account of their interlocking dovetail forms, as a result of which an optimum abutment, and hence a proper heat transfer, is and remains guaranteed.
A preferred embodiment is obtained when the profiles of the outer and inner tubes are provided in the form of screw threads, the arrangement being such that the profiles of the inner and outer tubes can be brought into screw thread engagement with each other. In another particularly advantageous embodiment, the profiles of the outer and inner tubes are designed as longitudinally extending ribs, the arrangement being such that the profiles of the inner and outer tubes can engage with each other as longitudinal teeth.
The invention also provides a method of manufacturing such heat exchanger tube, wherein the inner tube and the outer tube are provided with the desired profiles, the inner tube is inserted into the outer tube and the thus assembled tubes can undergo, in a drawing process through cold deformation, such a change in diameter that the profiled outer wall of the inner tube is omnilaterally and without play clamped against the profiled inner wall of the outer tube. Owing to this method, the manufacture of the inner and outer tubes can take place with relatively wide tolerances, so that the tubes are easy to assemble, while after deformation, the inner and outer tubes act as a single tube which is resistant to strong temperature fluctuations and alternations and which always guarantees an optimum heat transfer. By means of for instance a drawing die, the inner diameter of the outer tube can be reduced and/or the outer diameter of the inner tube can be increased during the drawing process, to arrive at an assembly which functions as one whole.
In this regard, the inner and outer tubes can be assembled in a particularly easy manner if those tubes are designed so that the inner tube can be inserted into the outer tube through screwing or sliding.
Hereinafter, the invention will be specified on the basis of two exemplary embodiments of a heat exchanger tube according to the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3506039 (1970-04-01), Marriott
patent: 4337824 (1982-07-01), Kirk
patent: 4372374 (1983-02-01), Lee
patent: 4858681 (1989-08-01), Sulzberger
patent: 2931606 (1981-02-01), None
patent: 52522 (1982-05-01), None
patent: 741113 (1933-02-01), None
Leo Leonard
Spiro Research B.V.
Varnum Riddering Schmidt Howlett LLP
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