Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – With means applying electromagnetic wave energy or...
Patent
1989-01-17
1991-02-26
Warden, Robert J.
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
With means applying electromagnetic wave energy or...
422197, 422200, 422220, 165154, B01J 802, F28D 710
Patent
active
049960296
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a heat-exchanger reactor which can be used especially for obtaining synthesis or decomposition reactions between a solid and a gas.
Many systems incorporating reactors are used in the chemical industry. These systems are designed to allow the above-mentioned synthesis or decomposition reactions as efficiently as possible, without too much concern about the quantities of heat utilized during these reactions.
In some uses, particularly those where the reactors form part of an installation for the generation of cold or heat, it is expedient to have the possibility of recovering the quantities of heat utilized and even of ensuring that they are the best possible, and this involves controlling the quantity of heat exchanged on the one hand and the energy level, that is to say the temperature, on the other hand. For this purpose, the technology of the reactor must be such that the chemical reactions take place correctly and the heat exchanges can be controlled in terms of both quantity and level.
Thus, in a reactor satisfying the above-mentioned conditions, there must be the possibility of introducing into the containment of the reactor enclosing the reactive material a heat-exchange fluid providing this material with the quantity of heat necessary to allow the reaction, and there must also be the possibility of dissipating the reaction heat by means of another fluid.
The object of the present invention is to provide a heat-exchanger reactor which is of simple structure and easy to produce and which makes it possible to achieve the above-mentioned objectives.
The invention is concerned with an exchanger reactor comprising a cylindrical metal containment intended for receiving a chemical substance, this containment having passing axially through it a metal tube intended for the circulation of a heat-exchange fluid, means being provided to allow a heat exchange between the tube and the interior of the cylindrical containment.
According to the invention, this heat-exchanger reactor is defined in that the tube possesses radial fins extending substantially over the entire height of the cylindrical containment and over the entire radial distance between the tube and the inner lateral face of the cylindrical containment, in that the outer lateral face of the cylindrical containment possesses radial fins, and in that the assembly composed of the cylindrical containment and of the tube possessing fins is in one piece.
The radial fins of the tube in which a heat-exchange fluid circulates thus divide the interior of the cylindrical containment into a series of compartments containing a reactive chemical substance.
The heat-exchange fluid circulating in the tube exchanges its heat with the chemical substance by means of the fins of this tube. Because of the radial arrangement of these fins and their distribution within the chemical substance, they provide the be$t possible heat-exchange surface between the heat-exchange fluid and this chemical substance.
Because the outer lateral face of the cylindrical containment possesses radial fins, it becomes possible to dissipate outwards the heat of the exothermic synthesis reaction between the chemical substance and a fluid conveyed into the reactor, when the latter is used in a system which involves synthesis and decomposition reactions alternating in time, as described, for example, in the Applicant's French Patent Application No. 8,707,210 of 22nd May 1987 entitled "Process for generating cold by solid/gas reaction and apparatus relating thereto".
Furthermore, because the assembly composed of the cylindrical containment and of the tube possessing the fins is in one piece and can, for example, be produced by extrusion, it becomes possible to obtain a both efficient and inexpensive reactor by means of a single production operation. The section obtained by extrusion can be cut into elements of variable length according to the desired capacity of the reactors to be obtained.
Other particular features and advantages of the invention will also emerge f
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Crozat Georges
Martin Frederic
Faiveley Entreprises
Snay Jeffrey R.
Warden Robert J.
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