Heat exchange – Thermosyphonic flue type
Patent
1995-09-14
1997-12-09
Flanigan, Allen J.
Heat exchange
Thermosyphonic flue type
1651341, 165135, 165157, 165905, F28F 900
Patent
active
056950071
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to heat exchange means, specifically a heat exchanger, and a method for cooling the enclosure of such means. By "heat exchange means" is meant heat exchangers, but also other devices such as the furnaces used in the oil refining industry, boilers, reactors, etc.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
From Patents FR-A-883006, FR-A-2 131 791, FR-A-2 471 569 and GB-A-527 585, it is known about exchangers consisting of a lateral wall such as a formed sheet metal shell which surrounds a bundle designed to allow the separate and in particular counter-current circulation of two fluids, a heating fluid and a heated fluid respectively, this bundle being preferably but not exclusively constructed from a set of braced parallel plates so as to bound adjacent spaces traversed by these fluids.
The bundle formed by the stack of superimposed parallel plates in which the plates are separated from each other by appropriate spacers or struts provides a passage in two opposite directions for the two fluids which exchange heat between them through the walls of these plates. The channels formed between the plates communicate with headspaces located at the opposite ends of the bundle. These headspaces provide an inlet and/or outlet for the heating fluid and the heated fluid and communicate with pipes for the delivery or discharge of these fluids. The plates are welded along their sides and joined to the headspaces which extend perpendicular to the plane of the plates, depending on the height of the stack of the latter, so as to provide a seal for the circulation channels provided between them. Conventionally the bundle of parallel plates with its terminal headspaces is housed within a sealed enclosure constructed of thick metal sheets which have been suitably shaped and comprise a lateral wall which encloses the bundle leaving a suitable space free between its inner surface and the sides of the stack of plates. Preferably but not exclusively, the exchanger may have any orientation, the lateral wall may be a shell having a general cylindrical profile with a vertical axis extending parallel to the long sides of the plates of the bundle which are also located in vertical planes within the shell, the headspaces being mounted at each end of the long dimension of the bundle. The inlet and outlet pipes for the two fluids are also vertical and pass through the ends respectively, which in this case may be hemispherical or even elliptical, and which close off the top and bottom of the cylindrical shell.
In addition to this, it is known that in such structures communication can be provided between one of the conduits through which one of the two fluids passes and the interior of the sealed enclosure in such a way that the internal space of the latter between the wall and the bundle is filled with the corresponding fluid and is thus at a pressure equal to the pressure of the latter. Preferably the pressure thus created within the enclosure is selected to be equal to that of the fluid which is itself at the highest pressure, normally the fluid which is to be heated, as it enters the plate bundle, so that the latter is held compressed by the pressure difference between the two fluids. This ensures mechanical cohesion of the bundle and avoids thermal short circuits. If desired the shell may be pressurised by means of another fluid, other than the one which enters the bundle, to recover the heat exchanged with the heating fluid.
The sealed enclosure formed in this way has several functions under these conditions, firstly maintaining pressure with respect to the outside with regard to the fluids which pass through the spaces bounded between the parallel plates, one of which fills the free space between the shell and the plate bundle, secondly compressing the bundle as a result of the pressure difference between the regions through which one or other of the fluids respectively flow, and finally providing safe confinement in the event of leakage of one of the fluids passing through it outside the bundle as a
REFERENCES:
patent: 2617634 (1952-11-01), Jendrassik
patent: 4026675 (1977-05-01), Marsch
Fauconnier Jean-Claude
Guidat Roland Jean-Marie
Faudat Concept
Flanigan Allen J.
Ziemann-Secathen S.A.
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