Refrigeration – Reversible – i.e. – heat pump – External fluid flow reversed
Patent
1981-04-21
1983-06-28
King, Lloyd L.
Refrigeration
Reversible, i.e., heat pump
External fluid flow reversed
622386, 62412, F25B 2900
Patent
active
043898572
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a heat exchanger in a house foreseen for the transfer of heat from exhaust air into fresh air to be supplied to the house or the transfer of heat the opposite way whereby means for further colling the exhaust air are mounted after the outlet of the cooled exhaust air which means comprises a heat pump circuit.
A heat exchanger of that kind is known from the specification of Swiss Pat. No. 599 510 according to which the heat exchanger is used for the recovery of the heat of the air flowing out from the ventilating plant of a swimming bath. The means for further cooling the exhaust air after the heat exchanger itself comprises a liquid circulating system intended to lead the heat from the exhaust air to a heat pump system by which the heat is led to another liquid circulating system transporting the heat to the place of use. Thus, four spots having heat transferring surfaces plus a heat pump circuit cause efficiency of heat transfer. And, thus, the total efficiency will be the product of five efficiencies.
The present invention is related to a development of the known heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger according to the invention is characteristic in that an evaporator is arranged in the flow of the exhaust air and that the condenser complete is placed in a water tank which is a tank holding hot tap water for the house.
Hereby only one heat pump circuit is required which is just possible as the condenser is placed in a relatively cold place, i.e., preferably at the bottom of the tank at the inlet for cold water. By such simple means it is possible to achieve good efficiency of the heat pump circuit either when temperature of the exhaust air is high or when there is cold water around the condenser and especially in the event of both, i.e., during firing periods. It is well-known that the higher difference of temperature worked with the higher the efficiency of a thermodynamic process. The heat produced by the heat pump unit as waste heat stays in the house, of course, and is utilized for heating. When the efficiency of the systems gets too low, i.e., when the difference of temperature between exhaust air and the water around the condenser is low, the present invention makes it possible to disconnect the heat pump circuit or stop it, whereby is contributed to improvement of the total efficiency of the heat exchanger. All things considered it is demonstrated that with the present construction it is possible to achieve very fine results for instance in a self-contained house using an average amount of hot water under Danish climatic conditions. During firing periods it will be possible that the temperature of the air led into the atmosphere is only about that of the outdoor air, and thus there will be no losses. Therefore, this invention points to a heat exchanger which without serious losses offers constant renewal of the air in a house or an apartment housing a family.
Although it is indicated in the specification of the Swiss Pat. No. 599 510 mentioned that the art known therefrom is applicable for the heating of tap water, it does not mention the very simple means according to the present invention for achievement.
One embodiment of the invention is characteristic in that after the outlet for fresh air an evaporator is arranged, which is connected to the water tank in the same way as the first evaporator. This makes it possible to use the heat exchanger as an air-conditioning plant in summer when outdoor temperature is higher than indoor temperature. In that case and according to the invention, the two evaporators may be characteristic in that both evaporators are connected to the same heat pump circuit in a way leaving it optional whether one or the other evaporator is connected to the circuit. Thus, only one heat pump circuit is required.
Finally, the heat exchanger may be characteristic in that it is a cross-flow heat exchanger having vanes or plates arranged to let the exhaust air pass once whereas it is arranged to let the suction air pass once through one half of the plates a
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patent: 4305260 (1981-12-01), Backlund
Genvex Energiteknik A/S
Gerstman George H.
King Lloyd L.
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