Heat exchange – Regenerator – Heat collector
Patent
1990-10-18
1993-02-09
Davis, Jr., Albert W.
Heat exchange
Regenerator
Heat collector
16510412, 62480, F28D 2000
Patent
active
051846691
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a heat accumulator operating with chemical solid matter/gas storage reactions and comprising a solid matter/gas reaction storage material arranged in a container and being chargeable and dischargeable by means of a heat carrier gas, thereby respectively releasing and taking in a reaction component by chemical reaction.
In such accumulators with chemical storage reactions of hitherto design, a heat carrier circuit was provided for the charging and discharging of the accumulator but transportation of the reaction component was separate from the heat carrier gas circuit. These solutions all have the disadvantage that they involve high losses of useful energy, additional supplementary energy, considerable material expenditure and, finally, also a reduced filling factor so such chemical accumulators are, in the end, economically uninteresting.
The object underlying the invention is, therefore, to so improve a heat accumulator with chemical solid matter/gas storage reactions that it is economically interesting, i.e., in particular, that it can be implemented with as low structural expenditure as possible and, in addition, exhibits low losses of useful energy.
This object is accomplished in accordance with the invention with a heat accumulator of the kind described at the beginning by the storage material being permanently arranged in the container in a configuration in which it is divided into portions with the heat carrier gas flowing directly around it, and the storage material giving off the reaction component into and taking it in from the space through which the heat carrier gas flows.
In this way, above all, the loss of useful energy referred to at the beginning was avoided. In addition, a solution was provided which is very simple from a structural viewpoint and also allows a high filling factor.
A zeolite accumulator with a flow occurring directly around the storage material is known from DE-A-31 30 671. However, the zeolite accumulators are adsorption/desorption accumulators and not chemical accumulators.
The characteristic features of chemical accumulators are significant changes in mass and volume during the respective charging and discharging reaction. For example, the changes in volume lie in the order of magnitude of between 25 and 55%. This is accompanied by a change in the physical properties of the storage material. A granulated material as used in zeolite accumulators, would, if used as cut material, be compacted into a block after a few cycles.
Therefore, in order to ensure an effective exchange of the reaction component with the heat carrier gas, provision is advantageously made for the storage material disposed in a configuration in which it is divided into portions to be arranged in a support structure which is open towards the heat carrier gas. This support structure offers the possibility of arranging the storage material such that it exhibits as large a surface as possible towards the heat carrier gas and hence an effective exchange of the reaction component is possible even with very great changes in volume and properties.
In a structurally particularly simple and advantageous variant of such a support structure open towards the heat carrier gas, provision is made for the support structure to comprise adjacent compartments separated by walls with the storage material arranged therein in the configuration in which it is divided into portions. These compartments which may, for example, be arranged in honeycomb-like or similar design, enable the storage material to be arranged in a very expedient manner such that the heat carrier gas flows around it.
It has proven particularly advantageous for the compartments to be adapted for the heat carrier gas to flow through them so the exchange of the reaction component does not take place by diffusion in one direction only, but in several directions.
The simplest structural solution for such compartments makes provision for the compartments to have openings on opposite sides thereof which are then filled either completely o
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Kanwischer Herbert
Tamme Rainer
Davis Jr. Albert W.
Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fuer Luft - und Raumfahrt e.V.
Lipsitz Barry R.
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