Hair cosmetic compositions

Details Hair cosmetic compositions Hair cosmetic compositions

2001-12-27

2004-05-18

Venkat, Jyothsna (Department: 1615)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Live hair or scalp treating compositions

Cationic surfactant containing

C424S070700

Reexamination Certificate

active

06737050

ABSTRACT:

TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to hair cosmetic compositions capable of imparting good flexibility and smoothness to hair not only when it is wetted but also after drying, particularly imparting good smoothness to hair after drying.
BACKGROUND ART
Hair cosmetic compositions are requested to give flexibility and smoothness to hair not only when it is wetted but also after drying. To satisfy this request, a quaternary ammonium salt such as stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, behenyltrimethylammonium chloride or distearyldimethylammonium chloride has been used as a cationic surfactant. Such addition, however, did not succeed in the preparation of satisfactory hair cosmetic compositions.
Although a di(long-chain alkyl) quaternary ammonium salt such as distearyldimethylammonium chloride has been incorporated to improve the flexibility of hair when it is wetted, the hair treated with the resulting composition has poor smoothness after drying and its touch becomes heavier. Processes using a variety of additives such as silicone to improve the smoothness of hair after drying are known. These additives however adversely affect the stability of the system, which requires adjustment of their amount or makes the blending itself cumbersome. Japanese Patent Applications Laid-Open Nos.6-107524 and 6-178928, disclose hair treatment compositions using an ethylene oxide-adduct type quaternary ammonium salt. They are however accompanied by the problems that the number of moles of ethylene oxide is not always uniform in the preparation thereof and adducts having the same number of moles of ethylene oxide cannot be obtained easily. In addition, adducts having two or more moles of ethylene oxide have an adverse effect on the performance of the composition.
Hair cleansing compositions contain the above-described long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt. They are however accompanied by the drawback owing to the restriction in formulation in that the quality of foams or low-temperature stability lowers when a long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt is added in an amount sufficient to give satisfactory hair smoothness.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a hair cosmetic composition capable of imparting good flexibility and smoothness to hair not only when it is wetted but also after drying. Particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide a hair cosmetic composition other than the below-described hair cleansing composition.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a hair cleansing composition which is capable of providing hair with the good flexibility and smoothness, and in addition, is excellent in quality of foams during cleansing and in low-temperature stability.
The present inventors have found that a hair cosmetic composition capable of satisfying the above-described objects can be obtained by using a specific ether-type cationic surfactant.
In one aspect of the present invention, there is thus provided a hair cosmetic composition comprising an ether type cationic surfactant represented by the formula (1):
wherein,
R
1
represents a linear or branched C
6-24
alkyl or alkenyl group,
R
2
and R
4
each independently represents a C
1-6
alkyl group or —(AO)
n
H (in which A represents a C
2-4
alkylene group and n stands for a number of from 1 to 6 with the proviso that n pieces of A may be the same or different and their sequence is optional),
R
3
represents a C
1-6
alkyl group, a benzyl group or —(A′O)
m
H (in which A′ represents a C
2-4
alkylene group and m stands for a number of from 1 to 6 with the proviso that m pieces of A′ may be the same or different and their sequence is optional), and
X
−
represents an anion].
In another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a hair cleansing composition comprising
(a) an ether type cationic surfactant represented by the formula (1), and
(b) at least one surfactant selected from anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants.
In a further aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for treating hair with the above-described hair cosmetic composition containing the ether type cationic surfactant of the formula (1).
In a still further aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for cleansing hair with the above-described hair cleansing composition comprising the components (a) and (b).
In a still further aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for applying to hair the hair cleansing composition comprising the components (a) and (b).
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the above-described formula (1), R
1
is preferably a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 12 to 22, especially 16 to 18 carbon atoms, with a linear alkyl group being more preferred.
R
2
and R
4
are preferably a C
1-6
alkyl group or a group —(CH
2
CH
2
O)
n
H, wherein n is preferably 1 to 3, especially 1. More preferably, R
2
and R
4
are a C
1-2
alkyl group, and methyl and ethyl groups are particularly preferred, with a methyl group being most preferred.
R
3
is preferably methyl, ethyl or benzyl group, more preferably methyl or ethyl group, most preferably methyl group.
As X
−
, halide ions and ethyl sulfate ions are usable, with chloride ion being particularly preferred.
The ether type cationic surfactant (1) can be prepared, for example, in accordance with the following reaction scheme:
wherein, R
1
, R
2
, R
3
and R
4
have the same meanings as defined above.
Specifically, at first, alkoxypropylamine(4) is prepared by reacting an alcohol(2) with acrylonitrile in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide, and hydrogenating the resulting alkoxypropionitrile(3) by using a hydrogenation catalyst. Then the resulting alkoxypropylamine(4) is reacted with a tertiarizing agent (combination of formaldehyde or an alkyl aldehyde of 2 to 6 total carbon atoms with hydrogen, or a C
2-4
alkylene oxide) in the presence of a catalyst and then the resulting tertiary amine(5) is reacted with a quaternizing agent in a proper solvent to give the ether type cationic surfactant(1).
The amount of the ether type cationic surfactant (1) in the hair cosmetic composition of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 20 wt. %, because it can impart hair with sufficient flexibility and smoothness and does not cause precipitation, caking or layer separation upon storage, thus making it possible to provide a product having good stability. The content of 1 to 10 wt. % is particularly preferred in the case of a rinse-off composition such as a hair rinse or a hair conditioner, while the content of 0.2 to 5 wt. % is particularly preferred in the case of a leave-in composition such as a hair treatment or a hair liquid.
The hair cosmetic composition of the present invention may contain a surfactant other than the ether type cationic surfactant(1). As the other surfactant, at least one surfactant selected from cationic surfactants other than the ether type cationic surfactants(1), anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants can be used. Among them, cationic surfactants are preferred in view of enhancing touch feel.
Particularly preferred as the cationic surfactant other than the ether type cationic surfactant(1) are quaternary ammonium salts described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-178146 and represented by the following formula (6):
wherein, at least one of R
5
, R
6
, R
7
and R
8
represents an alkyl or alkenyl group which may be substituted with an alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkanoylamino or alkenoylamino group having in total 8 to 28 carbon atoms, while the remaining group(s) each represents benzyl group, a C
1-5
alkyl group, a hydroxyalkyl group or a polyoxyethylene group having a total molar addition number of not greater than 10, and Z
−
represents a halogen ion or an organic anion.
Among the above-described compound(6), preferred are those in which at least one of R
5
, R
6
, R
7
and R
8
is an alkyl group which may be

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