Hair-conditioning agents

Details Hair-conditioning agents Hair-conditioning agents

2000-12-21

2003-11-04

Qazi, Sabiha (Department: 1615)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Live hair or scalp treating compositions

C424S070100, C424S401000, C536S018500, C536S018600, C536S004100, C536S124000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06641803

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to hair aftertreatment preparations containing esterquats, alk(en)yl glycosides and partial glycerides and to the use of the mixtures as hair treatment preparations.
2. Prior Art
As a result of frequent washing and shampooing and increased environmental influences, hair and particularly long hair is nowadays exposed to particularly severe stressing. Aftertreatment preparations containing hair care ingredients seek to remedy the situation. To this end, modern conditioners, treatments and rinses contain cationic surfactants, preferably those of the esterquat type, which provide the hair with a pleasant soft feel and which reduce static charging between the fibers so that combing work is reduced. Patent Application WO/97/47284 describes cosmetic hair care preparations of (a) esterquats, (b) sorbitan esters, (b2) polyol-12-hydroxystearates and/or (b3) glycerides and optionally alkyl polyglycosides and fatty alcohols. Although esterquats already have very favorable performance properties, there is still a need on the market for an improved performance profile. Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to provide hair aftertreatment preparations based on esterquats which would be distinguished in particular by improved feel properties.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to hair aftertreatment preparations containing
(a) esterquats,
(b) alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides,
(c) partial glycerides and
(d) fatty alcohol ethoxylates.
It has surprisingly been found that the addition of mixtures of alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglucosides and partial glycerides considerably improves the feel properties of hair aftertreatment preparations containing esterquats as cationic surfactants. Mixtures of alkyl oligoglucosides and oleic acid monoglycerides marketed under the name of Lamesoft® PO 65 have proved to be particularly effective in this regard. The advantageous properties of the preparations can be further improved by the use of fatty alcohol ethoxylates.
Esterguats
“Esterquats” are generally understood to be quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts. These are known substances which may be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry, cf. International patent application WO 91/01295 (Henkel). According to this document, triethanolamine is partly esterified with fatty acids in the presence of hypophosphorous acid, air is passed through and the reaction product is quaternized with dimethyl sulfate or ethylene oxide. In adition, a process for the production of solid esterquats in which is quaternization of triethanolamine esters is carried out in the presence of suitable dispersants, preferably fatty alcohols, is known from German patent DE-C1 4308794. Overviews on this subject have been published, for example, by R. Puchta et al. in Tens. Surf. Det., 30, 186 (1993), by M. Brock in Tens. Surf, Det. 30, 394 (1993), by R. Lagerman et al. in J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc., 71, 97 (1994) and by I. Shapiro in Cosm. Toil, 109, 77 (1994). The quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts correspond to formula (I):
in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
2
and R
3
independently of one another represent hydrogen or have the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
4
is an alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a (CH
2
CH
2
O)
q
H group, m, n and p together stand for 0 or numbers of 1 to 12, q is a number of 1 to 12 and X is halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate. Typical examples of esterquats which may be used in accordance with the invention are products based on caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, isostearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and the technical mixtures thereof obtained for example in the pressure hydrolysis of natural fats and oils. Technical C
12/18
cocofatty acids and, in particular, partly hydrogenated C
16/18
tallow or palm oil fatty acids and high-elaidic C
16/18
fatty acid cuts are preferably used. To produce the quaternized esters, the fatty acids and the triethanolamine may be used in a molar ratio of 1.1:1 to 3:1. With the performance properties of the esterquats in mind, a ratio of 1.2:1 to 2.2:1 and preferably 1.5:1 to 1.9:1 has proved to be particularly advantageous. The preferred esterquats are technical mixtures of mono-, di- and triesters with an average degree of esterification of 1.5 to 1.9 and are derived from technical C
12/18
tallow or palm oil fatty acid (iodine value 0 to 40). In performance terms, quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts corresponding to formula (I), in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 16 to 18 carbon atoms, R
2
has the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
3
is hydrogen, R
4
is a methyl group, m, n and p stand for 0 and X stands for methyl sulfate, have proved to be particularly advantageous. Other suitable esterquats besides the quaternized fatty acid triethanolamine ester salts are quaternized ester salts of fatty acids with diethanolalkyamines corresponding to formula (II):
in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
2
is hydrogen or has the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
4
and R
5
independently of one another are alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m and n together stand for 0 or numbers of 1 to 12 and X stands for halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate. Finally, another group of suitable esterquats are the quaternized ester salts of fatty acids with 1,2-dihydroxypropyl dialkylamines corresponding to formula (III):
in which R
1
CO is an acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
2
is hydrogen or has the same meaning as R
1
CO, R
4
, R
6
and R
7
independently of one another are alkyl groups containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m and n together stand for 0 or numbers of 1 to 12 and X stands for halide, alkyl sulfate or alkyl phosphate. So far the choice of the preferred fatty acids and the optimum degree of esterification is concerned, the examples mentioned in regard to (I) also apply to the esterquats of formulae (II) and (III). The esterquats are normally marketed in the form of 50 to 90% by weight alcoholic solutions which may readily be diluted with water as required. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides
Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides are known nonionic surfactants which correspond to formula (IV:
R
8
O—[G]
p
  (IV)
in which R
8
is an alkyl and/or alkenyl radical containing 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G is a sugar unit containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10. They may be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. EP-A1 0 301 298 and WO 90/03977 are cited as representative of the extensive literature available on the subject. The alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides may be derived from aldoses or ketoses containing 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. Accordingly, the preferred alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides are alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglucosides. The index p in general formula (IV) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP), i.e. the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides, and is a number of 1 to 10. Whereas p in a given compound must always be an integer and, above all, may assume a value of 1 to 6, the value p for a certain alkyl oligoglycoside is an analytically determined calculated quantity which is generally a broken number. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides having an average degree of oligomerization p of 1.1 to 3.0 are preferably used. Alkyl and/or alkenyl oligoglycosides having a degree of oligomerization of less than 1.7 and, more particularly, between 1.2 and 1.4 are preferred from the applicational point of view. The alkyl or alkenyl radical R
8
may be derived from primary alcohols containing 4 to 11 and preferably 8 to 10 carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and the technical mixtures thereof obtained, for example, in the hydrogenation of techn

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