Wood turning – Tool rests
Patent
1993-10-27
1995-08-15
Bishop, Steven C.
Wood turning
Tool rests
142 38, B27C 706
Patent
active
054410894
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a guiding assembly for guiding a manually controlled cutting tool.
This invention has particular but not exclusive application to a guiding assembly for guiding a manually controlled tool relative to a lathe axis. The guiding assembly may be utilised to replicate a predetermined shape and for illustrative purposes reference will be made to such application. The guiding assembly has particular application to wood turning but can also be utilised for turning metal or other materials.
Duplicating attachments for lathes, sometimes called lathe copiers, are well known for wood turning. Two types of copiers are conveniently categorised as semiautomatic and manual. Both categories involve positioning a cutter by allowing or causing a follower associated with the cutter to follow a template. When used herein, the term "template" includes reference to a flat two-dimensional template corresponding to the profile of a solid object and to a solid object which is to be replicated.
UK patent 2142569 exemplifies known manual copiers. In known manual copiers the cutter and follower are mounted in a hand-positioned unit which is supported on the lathe bed or workbench or on an auxiliary table attached to the lathe. The user can guide the cutter relative to the template by sliding the hand positioned unit along the workbench to register against a template and effect progressively deeper cuts in the workpiece until the follower fully contacts the template throughout its complete length. Such duplicators are suitable for replicating small and highly detailed spindles in small numbers, but if a larger number of spindles need to be made this system becomes tedious and time-consuming. It is also difficult to obtain a satisfactory smooth surface particularly when working on large production runs of longer spindles, as for example may be required in turning porch railings. Vibration is also frequently a problem because of the absence of support or other stabilising means close to the cutting tip.
EP patent application 0275775 exemplifies one type of known semi-automatic copier. In known semi-automatic lathe copiers the cutter and follower are mounted in a carriage which is mechanically moved in a direction parallel to the workpiece. The cutter is held against the workpiece and the follower held against the template by mechanical means typically in the form of a plunger driven spring or a spring mounted cantilevered arm. Operation of the semi-automatic models requires skill and training and involves two-handed operation with each hand working independently. One hand controls the cutter and pulls outwardly as high spots are approached on the pattern, or pushes inwardly if the spring pressure needs to be increased. The other hand moves the carriage up and down the length of the workpiece by operating an advancing mechanism. Typically the advancing mechanism involves rack and pinion gears, stationery chains or cable and moveable sprockets or pulleys, or stationery sprockets with moveable chains or cable. Chain and cable drive systems need periodic adjustment to maintain required tension and slippage can occur. The chain mechanisms are also prone to become clogged and can become jammed with chips produced during the cutting operation.
It is also known to provide moveable support tools for holding cutting tools on some lathes. These tool supports slide along a suitably designed lathe bed in a manner illustrated for example in International Patent Application WO 90/05048.
Although semi-automatic machines are more convenient than manual machines for multiple replications, they do not provide the "hands-on" feel desired by skilled wood turning craftsmen and perfectionists will frequently use a hand-held chisel to obtain this "hands-on" feel.
Due to this absence of "hands-on" feel and to obtain better surfaces in certain situations, craftsmen sometimes eschew both manual and semi-automatic copiers in favour of hand held tools. However it is difficult for all but the most skilled and experienced workers to control t
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Bednarek Michael D.
Bishop Steven C.
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