Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – Working fluid passage or distributing means associated with... – Vane or deflector
Patent
1992-01-30
1993-12-14
Look, Edward K.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
Working fluid passage or distributing means associated with...
Vane or deflector
415177, 415134, 415135, 415136, 415137, 415138, 415139, 4151733, F01D 102
Patent
active
052696510
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a guide vane ring of a gas turbine engine having guide vanes arranged on two rings which are coaxially and radially at a distance from one another and which are held on assigned housing sections which are exposed to thermally different expansions. One ring is rigidly connected with the guide vanes and the other ring is connected by the compressive force of a tensioning element with free ends of the guide vanes.
A guide vane ring of this type is known from the German Patent Document DE-PS 37 38 439. This is a so-called "semi-integral guide vane ring" in which case either one ring (outer ring) or the other ring (inner ring) is manufactured separately from the vanes and is not a direct fixed component of the guide grid. This type of guide vane ring is used in a gas turbine, preferably in the high-pressure turbine. Because of the high temperature differences occurring there, the guide vane rings expand which results in significant displacements in the radial direction. In addition, axial displacements occur because of the different thermal expansions between the inner and the outer housing which must be mastered for a guide vane ring which is connected with both housings by way of the corresponding rings in order to prevent distortions or even breakage of components.
An integral guide vane ring, i.e., a guide vane ring which is rigidly connected with both rings (that is the outer ring and the inner ring) in this case, would be subjected to considerable thermal tensions. For this reason, the "semi-integral construction" is to be preferred in this case. A problem in the case of a semi-integral guide vane ring are the leakages which occur between the free vane ends and the separate ring.
In the mentioned known case, the separate or other ring and the one ring fixed to the guide vanes are to be arranged to be axially displaceable and are to be pressed against one another by means of a tensioning element. The disadvantage of this arrangement is the fact that, in addition to the mentioned leakages, relatively expensive guiding devices must be provided for the axially movable part, in which case extremely different component temperatures and expansions present problems with respect to the required precise guiding.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a guide vane ring of the mentioned type which, on the one hand, does not impair the axial relative displacements and, on the other hand, drastically minimizes leakages between the free vane ends and the separate sealing ring and can be implemented by means of devices which constructively are as simple as possible.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by a guide vane ring of a turbine of a gas turbine engine having guide vanes arranged on two rings, which are arranged coaxially and radiallly at a distance from one another and which are held on assigned housing sections. The housing sections are exposed to thermally different expansions. One ring is rigidly connected with the guide vanes, and the other ring is connected by the compressive force of a tensioning element with free ends of the guide vanes. The other ring is divided into several piston-ring-type elements which follow one another axially and which are each slotted approximately axially and form a cylindrical sliding surface on which the guide vanes are axially displaceably disposed with their whole free ends. The tensioning element is arranged on the one group of assigned housing sections while forming a radial compressive force which is uniformly distributed on the elements.
The principal advantages of the invention are that the axial relative displacements between the outer and the inner housing or the corresponding sections of these housings and the one ring and the other ring (outer and inner ring) which are respectively connected with it, can be compensated completely in that the free vane tips can slide on the slotted piston-ring-type elements. At least two ring elements, which are arranged axially behind one an
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Kruger Wolfgang
Ostermeir Oskar
Look Edward K.
Mattingly Todd
MTU Motoren - und Turbinen-Union Munchen GmbH
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