Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Patent
1986-01-17
1987-06-23
Griffin, Ronald W.
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
156297, 156327, 1563309, 156332, 524104, 524110, 524111, 524527, 524565, 524567, C09J 316, C09J 300, C09J 314
Patent
active
046753540
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel glues for joining articles made from water-insoluble synthetic organic polymer materials.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
The use of polymer materials in e.g. the building industry has had as a consequence that it is necessary to join, by gluing, prefabricated or fitted articles mainly made from PVC or ABS. Examples of such componenets are roof gutters, roofings, window frames or PVC tubing for tap water or sewage junctions.
The types of glue commonly used so far practically all consist of a 10-30% by weight solution of PVC in one or several of the following solvents: Butylacetate, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide or tetrahydrofuran. These solvents all have a relatively low boiling point and/or flash point and are hazardous to the health when inhaled and, in varying degrees, by skin contact. Thus, official safety demands dictated by the fire hazards involved and official demands dictated by the occupational hazards involved are so strict that the compliance to such demands renders the use of such solvents costly and in some instances almost impossible.
Furthermore, all directions for use of currently available glues demand at the very least a careful de-greasing of the components with a de-greasing agent, normally of the same type as the thinner recommended for the glue, thus further subjecting the user to skin contact with a solvent and solvent vapours.
Technically, the low boiling point of most of the currently used solvents leads to problems when gluing at elevated temperatures or in strong sunlight, such as the gluing of PVC tubes in subtropical or tropical region where it is common that such gluing operations can only be carried out at night.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention obviates or substantially reduces the abovediscussed disadvantages of the glues according to the prior art both as regards flammability, occupational hazards and environmental problems, and difficulties in connection with gluing at elevated temperatures.
The invention relates to a glue comprising a solution of at least one water-insoluble synthetic organic polymer in a solvent which essentially consists of one or several compounds selected from the group consisting of 5- or 6-membered water-miscible lactones or lactams having a melting point of at the most -10.degree. C., a boiling point of at least 200.degree. C. and a flash point of at least 90.degree. C.
The invention further relates to a method for making a glued joint between surfaces of articles made from a material comprising water-insoluble synthetic organic polymers, said method comprising applying a glue as defined above on at least one of the surfaces to be joined, joining the surfaces and allowing the joint to develop.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Among the lactams, N-alkylated lactams, in particular N-methylated lactams are preferred, since N-alkylated lactams have lower melting points than N-unsubstituted lactams.
In the present context, the term "alkylated" designates substitution with a C.sub.1--4 alkyl group which may be straight or branched, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl and tert.butyl.
Preferred lactones are lactones which are either unsubstituted or alkylated in the 4- or 5-position.
The lactams may be unsubstituted on the ring carbon atoms or alkylated in the 4- or 5- position.
As examples of 5- or 6-membered water-miscible lactones or lactams having a melting point at the most -10.degree. C. and a boiling point of a least 200.degree. C. may be mentioned N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (also known as NMP), butyrolactone, N,5-dimethyl-2-pyrrolidone, .gamma.-valerolactone, .gamma.-valerolactone and .gamma.-caprolactone.
A preferred lactam is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and a preferred lactone is .gamma.-butyrolactone. Each of these preferred solvents may be used per se, or a mixture thereof may be used. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is especially preferred because of its low toxicity (.gtoreq.7 g/kg in rats).
In the present context, the term "essentially consists of" indica
REFERENCES:
patent: T903023 (1972-10-01), Hunter
patent: 2616868 (1952-11-01), Heisenberg et al.
patent: 2957206 (1960-10-01), Mindick et al.
patent: 2958614 (1960-11-01), Perry
patent: 3404117 (1968-10-01), Uffner
patent: 4010143 (1977-03-01), Flowers
NMP Handbook, GAF Corporation, copyright 1972, pp. 35-39, 47, and Table of Contents.
A/S F. Heimann & Co.
Griffin Ronald W.
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