Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Coated or structually defined flake – particle – cell – strand,... – Rod – strand – filament or fiber
Patent
1996-04-22
1999-09-21
Krynski, William
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand,...
Rod, strand, filament or fiber
428375, 428378, 4273855, 427175, 523400, B32B 300, B05D 302
Patent
active
059551950
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a sizing composition for glass threads, the said composition reacting under the action of heat. The present invention relates also to a process for the production of sized glass threads which are used, in particular, for reinforcing organic and/or inorganic materials, the said process using the composition mentioned above, and also to the glass threads obtained and the composites produced starting from the said threads.
2. Description of the Background
In the course of the text, "polymerisation", "polymerise", "polymerisable" are to be understood as meaning, respectively, "polymerisation and/or crosslinking", "polymerise and/or crosslink", "polymerisable and/or crosslinkable".
The manufacture of reinforcing glass threads is effected in known manner starting from streams of molten glass flowing from the orifices of one or more die plates. These streams are drawn mechanically in the form of continuous filaments and then the filaments are gathered into one or more basic threads which are subsequently collected on moving supports or undergo other treatments before being collected, depending on the desired applications.
Before they are gathered in the form of threads, the filaments are coated with a size by being passed over a continuously fed sizing member. The depositing of size is necessary in order to obtain threads and enables the threads to be associated with other materials, such as organic and/or inorganic materials, in order to produce composites.
The size acts primarily as a lubricant and protects the threads from the abrasion resulting from the high-speed friction of the threads on various members, such as guide members, during the above-mentioned process.
In the majority of cases, the size also ensures the integrity of the above-mentioned threads, that is to say, the interconnection of the filaments of which they are composed. This integrity, which is obtained especially after polymerising the size deposited on the threads, is generally desired in textile applications where the threads are subjected to great mechanical stresses. If the filaments constituting the threads are poorly integrated with one another they break more easily in the course of such applications and interfere with the operation of the textile machines. In general, the integrity of the threads is often desired because threads that do not exhibit this integrity are considered to be difficult to handle.
The size also provides the threads with the possibility of being associated with various materials to be reinforced with a view to the production of composite parts, by facilitating the wetting and/or impregnation of the threads with the materials to be reinforced and contributing to the creation of bonds between the said threads and materials. In particular, the mechanical properties of the composites obtained from the said material and threads depend on the quality of the adhesion of the material to the threads and on the suitability of the threads for being wetted and/or impregnated by the material.
The provision of suitable sizes for the processes used involves a search for sizing compositions that are sufficiently stable and compatible with the drawing speeds of the filaments that have to pass through them (several tens of metres per second). In particular, the sizes must be able to withstand the shearing induced by the passage of the filaments and must wet the surface of the filaments at the said speeds. Where the sizes used polymerise under the action of heat, it is also necessary for the sizes to have a sufficiently high reaction temperature to remain stable under the die plate. It is also desirable for such sizes to exhibit a substantial degree of conversion after polymerisation (this degree corresponding to the ratio between the number of functions that have reacted in the size after thermal treatment and the number of reactive functions in the size before thermal treatment) in order to ensure that sized glass threads having a constant q
REFERENCES:
patent: 4530860 (1985-07-01), Johnson
patent: 4604325 (1986-08-01), Pollet et al.
patent: 4609591 (1986-09-01), Pollet et al.
Gray J. M.
Krynski William
Vetrotex France
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