Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants
Patent
1993-11-12
1997-04-29
Levy, Neil S.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Biocides; animal or insect repellents or attractants
424409, 424642, 424430, 424436, 523122, 514557, 514934, 514967, 514969, A01M 2504
Patent
active
056246757
ABSTRACT:
A method is disclosed for using a topical genital lubricant with a non-toxic, non-irritating zinc salt during sexual intercourse. The lubricant is spread upon one or more genital surfaces to create an anti-viral chemical barrier that reduces the risk of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS. Suitable zinc salts include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, and other non-irritating water-soluble organic zinc salts that dissociate readily. When dissolved in water, these salts release divalent zinc ions (Zn.sup.++), which apparently can reduce HIV infectivity by at least three mechanisms. First, zinc ions form crosslinking bonds with cysteine and histidine residues in proteins (such as the gp120 protein of HIV), thereby "gluing" HIV particles to each other, to proteins in vaginal fluids, and to dead or dying cells that will soon be sloughed off from the genital surfaces. This reduces the ability of the HIV to infect susceptible cells. Second, zinc is the active agent in diaper rash ointments and calamine lotion, and it promotes healing and closure of lesions, microabrasions, and other skin breaches; this reduces the ability of HIV to penetrate the skin and reach lymphocytes. Third, concentrations of zinc that do not harm skin can kill HIV-infected lymphocytes, thereby preventing the lymphocytes from infecting other cells via cell--cell binding mechanisms. The toxicity of zinc to lymphocytes also explains why the anti-HIV activity of zinc was not recognized previously, in standard lymphocyte assays.
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Kelly Patrick D.
Levy Neil S.
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